Difference between revisions of "Chevrolet Cavalier"
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{{ | {{Primarysources|date=April 2007}} | ||
{{expand|date=November 2008}} | |||
{{Infobox Automobile | {{Infobox Automobile | ||
| image = [[Image:88-90 Chevrolet Cavalier sedan.jpg|250px|1988-1990 Chevrolet Cavalier sedan]] | |||
| name = Chevrolet Cavalier | |||
| manufacturer = [[General Motors]] | |||
| production = 1982–2005 | |||
| class = [[Subcompact]] (1982-87)<br>[[Compact car|Compact]] (1988-2005) | |||
| predecessor = [[Chevrolet Monza]] | |||
| successor = [[Chevrolet Cobalt]] (For [[United States]] and [[Canada]])<Br>[[Chevrolet Optra]] (For [[Mexico]]) | |||
| platform = [[GM J platform|J-body]] | |||
| layout = [[FF layout]] | |||
}} | |||
The '''Chevrolet Cavalier''' was a compact automobile produced from 1982 to 2005 by [[General Motors]]. Built on the company's [[GM J platform|J platform]], the Cavalier was one of the best-selling cars in the [[United States]] throughout its life.[http://www.google.com/search?q=cache:KlDfpOCwfboJ:www.postnewsads.com/budwells/viewarticles.asp%3FarticleID%3D82]<!-- http://www.postnewsads.com/budwells/viewarticles.asp?articleID=82 --><!-- "Little Chevy Cavalier big in entertainment", Bud Wells, Post-News Autos --> | |||
== Predecessors == | |||
The Cavalier replaced the [[Chevrolet Monza|Monza]], which was available as a 2-door [[coupe]], a 3-door [[hatchback]] and a 3-door [[station wagon|wagon]] (using the same body as the discontinued [[Chevrolet Vega|Vega]] wagon, the model it replaced). The inexpensive [[Chevrolet Chevette|Chevette]] was retained even as sales declined, and was formally replaced by even smaller captive imports. Both previous platforms had conventional rear-drive layouts while the new design could compete on the same level with more efficient front wheel drive offerings, such as the [[Dodge Omni]] and [[Honda Civic]]. [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] and [[Chrysler]] also introduced new front drive compacts. The largely successful mission of capturing the bulk of domestic compact sales would fall on the Cavalier's 2-door [[coupe]], 4-door [[sedan (car)|sedan]] and 4-door [[station wagon]], the relatively short-lived 3-door [[hatchback]] (which replaced the Monza [[2+2 (car body style)|2+2]] Sport 4-door hatchback) and, in later years, a 2-door [[convertible]]. The small Cavalier even helped fill in lagging sales of the [[Compact car|compact]] [[Chevrolet Citation|Citation]] (a [[Chevrolet Nova|Nova]] replacement). | |||
==First generation== | |||
{{Infobox Automobile generation | |||
| name = First generation | |||
| image = [[Image:1st Chevrolet Cavalier wagon front.jpg|250px|1985-1987 Chevrolet Cavalier wagon]] | |||
| model_years = 1982–1987 | |||
| assembly = [[Lordstown, Ohio]]<br>[[Lansing, Michigan]]<br>[[Janesville, Wisconsin]]<br>[[Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila]], [[Mexico]]<br>[[South Gate, California]] (1982 only)<br> [[Kansas City, Missouri]] | |||
| body_style = 2-door [[convertible]]<br>2-door [[coupe]]<br>3-door [[hatchback]]<br>4-door [[sedan (car)|sedan]]<br>4-door [[station wagon]] | |||
| related = [[Buick Skyhawk]]<br>[[Cadillac Cimarron]]<br>[[Oldsmobile Firenza]]<br>[[Pontiac Sunbird]]<br>[[Vauxhall Cavalier]] | |||
| engine = 1.8 L [[Straight-4|I4]]<br>2.0 L [[Straight-4|I4]]<br>2.8 L [[V6]] | |||
| wheelbase = {{auto in|101.2|0}} | |||
| length = Sedan: {{auto in|174.5|0}}<br>Coupe: {{auto in|173.5|0}}<br>Wagon: {{auto in|177.9|0}} | |||
| width = Sedan & Coupe: {{auto in|66.0|0}}<br>Wagon: {{auto in|66.3|0}} | |||
| height = Sedan & Coupe: {{auto in|52.0|0}}<br>Wagon: {{auto in|54.2|0}} | |||
| fuel_capacity = 13.6 US gal | |||
| transmission = 4-speed [[manual transmission|manual]]<br>5-speed [[manual transmission|manual]]<br>3-speed [[automatic transmission|automatic]] | |||
}} | }} | ||
The Cavalier first went on sale in early 1981 as a 1982 model with front-wheel-drive, a choice of two four-cylinder [[pushrod]] engines, and coupe, sedan, hatchback, and station wagon body styles. | |||
1983 Cavaliers offered [[electronic fuel injection]], and a [[V6 engine]] became available in 1985, uncommon for a compact car. 1985 also brought minor styling changes. | |||
The Cavalier was largely identical to the [[Pontiac Sunbird]]. Before the [[Pontiac]] brand was officially introduced in [[Mexico]] in 1992, Cavaliers sold there featured Sunbird body panels, as opposed to US-spec Cavalier panels. From 1993 on, the sibling marques were both offered, as in the United States. | |||
[[Image:1st-Chevrolet-Cavalier-Sedan-1.jpg|thumb|left|200px|1985-1987 Chevrolet Cavalier sedan]] | |||
[[Image:'85-'88 Chevrolet Cavalier Coupe.jpg|thumb|left|200px|1985-1987 Chevrolet Cavalier coupe]] | |||
[[Image:1st Chevrolet Cavalier wagon rear.jpg|thumb|left|200px|1985-1987 Chevrolet Cavalier wagon]] | |||
{{clear}} | |||
==Second generation== | |||
{{Infobox Automobile generation | |||
| name = Second generation | |||
| image = [[Image:'92-'94 Chevrolet Cavalier Sedan.jpg|250px|1991-1994 Chevrolet Cavalier sedan]] | |||
| model_years = 1988-1994 | |||
| body_style = 2-door [[convertible]]<br>2-door [[coupe]]<br>4-door [[sedan (car)|sedan]]<br>4-door [[station wagon]] | |||
| related = [[Buick Skyhawk]]<br>[[Cadillac Cimarron]]<br>[[Oldsmobile Firenza]]<br>[[Pontiac Sunbird]]<br>[[Vauxhall Cavalier]] | |||
| assembly = [[Lordstown, Ohio]]<br>[[Lansing, Michigan]]<br>[[Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila]], [[Mexico]] | |||
| fuel_capacity = 15.2-18 US gal | |||
| engine = 2.0 L [[Straight-4|I4]]<br>2.2 L [[Straight-4|I4]]<br>2.8 L [[V6]]<br>3.1 L [[V6]] | |||
| transmission = 5-speed manual<br>3-speed automatic | |||
| wheelbase = 1988-89: {{auto in|101.2|0}}<br>1990-94: {{auto in|101.3|0}} | |||
| length = 1988-89: {{auto in|178.6|0}}<BR>1988-89 Wagon: {{auto in|178.8|0}}<br>1990-94: {{auto in|182.3|0}}<br>1990-94 Wagon: {{auto in|181.1|0}} | |||
| width = {{auto in|66.3|0}}<Br>1988-89 Sedan/Coupe/Wagon: {{auto in|66.0|0}} | |||
| height = 1988-1991 Coupe & 1990-91 Convertible: {{auto in|52.0|0}}<br>1988-1991 Sedan: {{auto in|53.6|0}}<br>1988-89 & 1992-94 Convertible: {{auto in|52.2|0}}<br>1988-89 Wagon: {{auto in|54.3|0}}<br>1990-91 Wagon: {{auto in|54.1|0}}<br>1992-94 Wagon: {{auto in|53.8|0}}<br>1992-94 Coupe: {{auto in|51.9|0}}<Br>1992-94 Sedan: {{auto in|53.5|0}} | |||
| weight = {{Auto lb|2359|0}} (coupe) <br> {{Auto lb|2363|0}} (sedan) <br> {{Auto lb|2271|0}} (RS coupe) <br> {{Auto lb|2414|0}} (RS sedan) <br> {{Auto lb|2558|0}} (Z24 coupe) <br> {{Auto lb|2665|0}} (Z24 convertible) | |||
}} | |||
1988 Cavaliers were redesigned with fresh styling and modified engines. The hatchback disappeared from the line, but the other bodystyles continued. The exterior and interior were freshened in 1991. | |||
[[Image:88-90 Chevrolet Cavalier wagon.jpg|thumb|left|200px|1988-1990 Cavalier wagon]] | |||
[[Image:91-94 Chevrolet Cavalier coupe.jpg|thumb|left|200px|1991-1994 Cavalier coupe]] | |||
[[Image:88-91 Chevrolet Cavalier convertible.jpg|thumb|left|200px|1991-1994 Cavalier Z24 convertible]] | |||
[[Image:Chevrolet Cavalier wagon.jpg|thumb|left|200px|1991-1994 Cavalier wagon]] | |||
{{clear}} | |||
=== | ==Third generation== | ||
=== | {{Infobox Automobile generation | ||
| name = Third generation | |||
| image = [[Image:2000-2002 Chevrolet Cavalier sedan.jpg|250px|2000-2002 Chevrolet Cavalier sedan]] | |||
| model_years= 1995–2005 | |||
| assembly = [[Lordstown, Ohio]]<br>[[Lansing, Michigan]]<br>[[Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila]], [[Mexico]] | |||
| body_style = 2-door [[convertible]]<br>2-door [[coupe]]<br>4-door [[sedan (car)|sedan]] | |||
| related = [[Pontiac Sunfire]] | |||
| wheelbase = {{auto in|104.1|0}} | |||
| aka = Toyota Cavalier | |||
| length = 1995-97: {{auto in|180.3|0}}<br>1998-2002: {{auto in|180.7|0}}<Br>2003-05: {{auto in|180.9|0}} | |||
| width = 2-Door: {{auto in|68.7|0}}<br>4-Door: {{auto in|67.9|0}} | |||
| height = 1995-97 Coupe: {{auto in|53.2|0}}<br>1995-97 Sedan: {{auto in|54.8|0}}<br>1995-97 Convertible: {{auto in|53.9|0}}<br>1998-2005 Coupe: {{auto in|53.0|0}}<br>1998-99 Convertible: {{auto in|54.1|0}}<br>1998-2005 Sedan: {{auto in|54.7|0}}<Br>2000-02 Convertible: {{auto in|53.7|0}} | |||
| engine = 2.2 L GM OHV [[Straight-4|I4]] <BR> 2.2 L ''[[GM OHV engine#2200|2200]]'' [[Straight-4|I4]] <BR> 2.2 L ''[[GM Ecotec engine|Ecotec]]'' I4 <BR> 2.3 L ''[[GM Quad-4 engine|Twin Cam]]'' I4 <BR> 2.4 L ''[[GM Quad-4 engine#LD9|LD9]]'' I4 | |||
| transmission = 5-speed ''[[Getrag F23 transmission|Getrag F23]]'' manual<br>5-speed Isuzu manual<br>4-speed automatic<br>3-speed automatic | |||
| weight = {{Auto lb|2562|0}} - {{Auto lb|2784|0}} | |||
| fuel_capacity = 15.2-18 US gal (58-69 litres) | |||
}} | |||
The Cavalier was redesigned for 1995 with expanded dimensions and styling that was a departure from the two boxier previous generations. The wagon was discontinued, but the coupe, sedan, and convertible body styles returned. | |||
The Cavalier was facelifted in 2000 and in 2003. The convertible disappeared after 2000. | |||
The Cavalier was replaced by the [[Chevrolet Cobalt]] in 2005. | |||
[[Image:Chevrolet Cavalier convertible.jpg|thumb|left|200px|1995-1999 Chevrolet Cavalier convertible]] | |||
[[Image:1995 Chevrolet Cavalier.JPG|thumb|left|200px|1995-1999 Chevrolet Cavalier coupe]] | |||
[[Image:2000-2002 Chevrolet Cavalier Coupe.jpg|thumb|left|200px|2000-2002 Chevrolet Cavalier coupe]] | |||
[[Image:03-05 Chevrolet Cavalier coupe.jpg|thumb|left|200px|2003-2005 Chevrolet Cavalier coupe]] | |||
{{clear}} | |||
=== | ===Safety=== | ||
The third-generation Cavalier earned several low scores in crash tests by the [[Insurance Institute for Highway Safety]] and [[National Highway Traffic Safety Administration]]. Also, IIHS fatality risks statistics rated the Cavalier among the "Highest rates of driver deaths," with 150 (4 door) to 171 (2 door) driver deaths per millon registered vehicle deaths. Average for the Cavalier class (small) was 103(4 door) to 134(2 door) driver deaths per millon registered vehicle deaths.<ref>[http://www.iihs.org/sr/pdfs/sr4204.pdf ''Driver´s deaths by make&model: Fatality risk in one vehicle versus another'']</ref> | |||
The IIHS gave the 1995-2005 Cavalier a ''Poor'' overall score in their frontal offset collision test.<ref>http://www.iihs.org/ratings/rating.aspx?id=45</ref> | |||
2005 [[National Highway Traffic Safety Administration]] (NHTSA) Crash Test Ratings (coupe):<ref>http://www.safercar.gov/portal/search?model=3230</ref> | |||
Frontal Driver: {{rating|4|5}} | |||
Frontal Passenger: {{rating|4|5}} | |||
Side Driver: {{rating|1|5}} *safety concern* | |||
Side Rear Passenger: {{rating|2|5}} | |||
Rollover: {{rating|4|5}} | |||
2002 National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) Crash Test Ratings (sedan):<ref>http://www.safercar.gov/portal/search?model=3231</ref> | |||
Frontal Driver: {{rating|4|5}} | |||
Frontal Passenger: {{rating|4|5}} | |||
Side Driver: {{rating|1|5}} *safety concern* | |||
Side Rear Passenger: {{rating|3|5}} | |||
Rollover: {{rating|4|5}} | |||
== | == Production == | ||
Most Cavaliers were built at [[Lordstown Assembly]], although they have also been produced in [[South Gate, California]] (1982 model year only), [[Lansing Car Assembly]] (1996-1998 coupes), [[Lansing Craft Centre]] (1996-2000 convertibles), [[Janesville Assembly]], [[Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila|Ramos Arizpe]], and [[Leeds Assembly]]. | |||
== United States sales figures == | |||
* 58,904 - 1982 | |||
* 268,587 - 1983 | |||
* 462,611 - 1984 | |||
* 383,752 - 1985 | |||
* 432,101 - 1986 | |||
* 346,254 - 1987 | |||
* 322,939 - 1988 | |||
* 376,626 - 1989 | |||
* 310,501 - 1990 | |||
* 326,847 - 1991 | |||
* 225,633 - 1992 | |||
* 251,590 - 1993 | |||
* 254,426 - 1994 | |||
* 151,669 - 1995 | |||
* 261,686 - 1996 | |||
* 315,136 - 1997 | |||
* 238,861 - 1998 | |||
Sources: [[Edmunds.com]] (1992-98), Autoworld.com (1999 estimate)[http://www.autoworld.com/apps/news/FullStory.asp?id=335]<!-- "Chevrolet Cavalier Z24 - Two Times the Fun"], S Osborn, Autoworld.com --> | |||
== | == Engines used == | ||
* 1.8 L [[inline-4]] [[Overhead valve|OHV]] | |||
* 2.0 L inline-4 OHV | |||
* 2.2 L inline-4 OHV | |||
* 2.2 L inline-4 OHV [[GM 122 engine|"2200 SFI"]] | |||
* 2.2 L inline-4 [[DOHC]] "Ecotec" | |||
* 2.3 L inline-4 DOHC (1995 Z24 only) | |||
* 2.4 L inline-4 DOHC (Z24) | |||
* 2.8 L [[MPFI]] (available in American Z24 and RS (Rally Sport) models from 1986 to 1989, and in Mexican models until 1994) | |||
* 3.1 L [[V6]] [[MPFI]] (Available in Z24, RS (Rally Sport) and Wagon models from 1990 to 1994) | |||
=== Years used === | |||
* 1982-1985 GM inline-4 [[OHV]] 1.8 L [[Straight-4|I4]] | |||
* 1986-1989 GM inline-4 [[OHV]] 2.0 L [[Straight-4|I4]] | |||
* 1986-1989 2.8 L [[MPFI]] [[V6]] | |||
* 1990-1994 3.1 L [[MPFI]] (191 in³) [[V6]] | |||
* 1992-1997 GM inline-4 [[OHV]] 2.2 L (134 in³) [[Straight-4|I4]] {{Convert|120|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} LN2 | |||
* 1995 [[GM Quad-4 engine|Quad-4]] 2.3 L (138 in³) [[Straight-4|I4]] {{Convert|145|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} LD2 | |||
* 1998-2002 2.2 L GM inline-4 [[OHV]] [[GM 122 engine|"2200 SFI"]] {{Convert|115|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} LN2 | |||
* 1996-2002 [[GM Quad-4 engine#LD9|LD9]] 2.4 L (146 in³) [[Straight-4|I4]] {{Convert|150|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} | |||
* 2002-2005 [[GM Ecotec engine#L61|Ecotec L61]] 2.2 L (134 in³) [[Straight-4|I4]] {{Convert|140|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} | |||
== Toyota Cavalier == | |||
[[Image:Toyota Cavalier Rearlights.jpg|thumb|right|250px|1996 Toyota Cavalier coupé (Japanese export model with [[Amber (color)|amber]] rear [[turn signal]]s)]] | |||
As part of a wider effort to avoid additional restrictions on exports to the US, the third generation model was briefly sold in [[Japan]] by [[Toyota]] under an agreement with GM, [[rebadge|badged]] as the '''Toyota Cavalier'''. Aside from the fact that it was [[right hand drive]], the Toyota Cavalier also featured a leather-wrapped shift knob and steering wheel, wider front fenders, [[Amber (color)|amber]] [[Automotive lighting#Turn signals|turn signals]] for Japanese regulations, power folding rear mirrors, side [[Automotive lighting#Turn signals|turn signal repeater]] lights on the front fenders, and carpeting on the inside of the trunk lid. Interior seats were often flecked with color, and the rear seat had a fold-down armrest. The Toyota Cavalier was entirely produced by GM in the USA and sold from 1995 - 2000. 1996-2000 Toyota Cavaliers came equipped with the 2.4L LD9 engine, while the 1995 used the 2.3 liter quad 4. | |||
While all Chevrolet-badged Cavaliers received a facelift for 2000, the Toyota did not and used the same basic design for the 2000s as it did for the 1995-1999 models. The only exception to this is the colors available, the interior trim colors and the tail-lights. | |||
A fair number of these vehicles are re-exported as Japanese used cars, most notably to [[New Zealand]]. Production of the Toyota Cavalier ceased in June 2000. | |||
[[Toyota Racing Development|TRD]] made a body kit and rear wing for the Cavalier, available exclusively in Japan. | |||
== References == | |||
{{reflist|1}} | |||
== External links == | |||
{{commonscat}} | |||
* [http://www.chevrolet.com/cavalier/ Official site] | |||
* [http://www.funcheapcars.com/2008/10/used-car-reviews-chevrolet-cavalier.html Chevrolet Cavalier Review - Funcheapcars.com] | |||
* [http://www.j-body.org The J-Body Organization] | |||
* [http://www.jbodysource.org The J-Body Source (How-tos/Modification Guides)] | |||
* [http://www.v6z24.com Z24 V6 Enthusiast Site] | |||
* [http://www.clubcav.com ClubCav] | |||
* [http://www.jbody.org J-Body.com] | |||
* [http://www.j-body.com JCO - J-body Club of Ontario] | |||
* [http://sites.google.com/site/rucavalier/ Russian Toyota/Cavalier fans] | |||
{{Chevrolet}} | |||
{{ | |||
[[Category:Chevrolet vehicles|Cavalier]] | |||
[[Category:Compact cars]] | |||
[[Category:Convertibles]] | |||
[[Category:Coupes]] | |||
[[Category:Front wheel drive vehicles]] | |||
[[Category:Hatchbacks]] | |||
[[Category:Sedans]] | |||
[[Category:Station wagons]] | |||
[[Category:1980s automobiles]] | |||
[[Category:1990s automobiles]] | |||
[[Category:2000s automobiles]] | |||
[[Category:Vehicles built in Lansing, Michigan]] | |||
[[Category:Vehicles introduced in 1982]] | |||
[[Category:Goods manufactured in the United States]] | |||
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