Difference between revisions of "GM Family 1 engine"

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The '''Family 1''' is a [[straight-4]] [[piston engine]] that was developed by [[GM Powertrain|GM-Opel Powertrain]], a subsidiary of [[Opel|Adam Opel A.G.]] to replace low-displacement versions of [[GM Family II engine]] for use on subcompact cars from [[Opel]]/[[Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]].  
The '''Lansing Craft Centre''' was a specialized [[General Motors Corporation|General Motors]] [[automobile]] assembly factory in [[Lansing Township, Michigan]]. The plant started production in 1987 and closed in 2006. It was originally built as a [[foundry]] in 1919.  At the time of its closure, the plant was 985,000 square feet in size, and employed 400 workers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lansingstatejournal.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20051122/NEWS03/511220329/1004/news03|work=Lansing State Journal|title=GM closures hit 1,600 in Lansing|author=Barbara Wieland|accessmonthday=August 3 |accessyear=2008}}</ref>  It sat across Saginaw Street from the [[Lansing Metal Center]].


==Ecotec==<!-- This section is linked from [[Lada Niva]] -->
The Lansing Craft Center was the construction site for low-volume vehicles like the [[General Motors EV1]], [[Buick Reatta]], and [[Cadillac Eldorado]]. The Craft Centre also produced the [[convertible]] [[Chevrolet Cavalier]] and [[Pontiac Sunfire]]. Its final product was the [[Chevrolet SSR]]. On November 21, 2005, General Motors announced that it would close the Lansing Craft Centre in mid-2006. The final SSR, a unique black-on-silver model, was built on March 17, 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lsj.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060318/NEWS01/603180340/1001/NEWS|work=Lansing State Journal|title=Tearful workers say goodbye Last SSR rolls off Craft Centre line|author=Barbara Wieland|accessmonthday=March 20 |accessyear=2006}}</ref> Many of the Craft Centre workers were transferred to the new [[Lansing Delta Township Assembly]] plant.
First generation, features [[DOHC]] valvetrain driven by [[toothed belt]] and a [[cast-iron]] [[cylinder block]] with [[aluminum]] [[cylinder head]].
*'''1.4 L''' (1389 [[cc]]) ''(phased out)'':  10.5:1(9.3:1[Latin America]) compression, 90 (60 );[[horsepower|hp]] (66 kW) and 92 (52 );[[ft·lbf]] (125 N m) of torque.
*'''1.6 L''' (1598 cc): 79 mm (3.11  in) bore, 81.5 mm (3.21 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 100 hp (74 kW) and 111 ft·lbf (150 N m) of torque.
*'''1.8 L''' (1796 cc): 80.5 mm (3.17  in) bore, 88.2 mm (3.47 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression,  115 hp (85 kW), 122 hp (90 kW) or 125 hp (92 kW) and 123 ft·lbf (167 N m) of torque. Later versions features [[VLIM|variable intake]] technology.


Family 1 Ecotec engines are used in:
==Products==
* 1988–1991 [[Buick Reatta]]
* 1997–1999 [[General Motors EV1]]
* [[Cadillac Eldorado]]
* [[Chevrolet Cavalier]] convertible
* [[Pontiac Sunfire]] convertible
* 2003–2006 [[Chevrolet SSR]]


* 1996-2003 [[Opel Tigra]]
==See also==
* 1999-2005 [[Opel Zafira]]
* [[List of GM factories]]
* 2002 [[Opel Corsa]]
* [[Opel Astra]]
* [[Opel Vectra]]
* 2003 [[Saab 9-3]]
* 2004 [[Chevrolet Viva]]
* 2005 [[Opel Zafira]]
* 2007 [[Chevrolet Niva]]
 
===TwinPort===
Updated version introduced in 2002, with lighter [[cast-iron]] cylinder block and [[camshaft]] driven by [[toothed belt]].  Features [[EGR]] valve and '''[[TwinPort]]''' variable intake geometry - twin intake ports with a choke closing one of the ports at low RPM, providing strong air swirl pattern for higher torque levels and better fuel economy. The drive belt for the camshafts is wider and stronger than before, and water pump is not driven by it anymore which improves reliability.  [[Turbocharging|Turbocharged]] versions exist.
 
* '''1.6 L''' (1598 cc): '''TwinPort''', 79 mm (3.11  in) bore, 81.5 mm (3.21 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression, 105 hp (77 kW) and 111 ft·lbf (150 N m) of torque.
 
Ecotec TwinPort Family 1 engine is used in:
* [[Opel Tigra]]
* [[Opel Astra]]
* [[Opel Zafira]]
* [[Opel Meriva]]
* [[Opel Corsa]] OPC
 
===DCVCP===
A variant of 1.8L Family 1 engine featuring [[Euro IV]] compliancy, '''DCVCP''' (Double Continuous Variable Cam Phasing technology, a variant of [[VVT]]) and integrated [[catalytic converter]], entered production jn Spring 2005. It was based on the lighter cast-iron block, although there's no TwinPort in this version.
An updated 1.6 L TwinPort engine was introcuded in 2006.
 
 
*'''1.8 L''' (1796 cc): '''DCVCP''', 80.5 mm (3.17  in) bore, 88.2 mm (3.47 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression,  140 hp (103 kW) and 129 ft·lbf (175 Nm) of torque.
*'''1.6 L''' (1598 cc): '''DCVCP''',  79 mm (3.11  in) bore, 81.5 mm (3.21 in) stroke, 10.5:1 compression,  113 hp (84 kW).
 
Ecotec DCVCP engines are used in:
* 2005 [[Opel Zafira]]
* [[Opel Astra]]
* [[Opel Insingia]]
 
==D-TEC==
D-TEC was an older variant of Family 1 [[SOHC]] engine licensed by [[GM Daewoo|Daewoo Motors]] for their range of [[Opel]]-derived cars such as [[Daewoo Espero]] and [[Daewoo Nexia]]. These engines are built exclusively at Bupyeong engine plant. They feature valvetrain driven by [[toothed belt]], in a [[DOHC]] configuration for most versions, and aluminum [[cylinder head]].
 
* '''1.3&nbsp;L''' [[SOHC]] - [[Daewoo Lanos]]
* '''1.5&nbsp;L''' [[SOHC]] - [[Daewoo Lanos]], [[Daewoo Nexia]]
* '''1.6&nbsp;L''' [[SOHC]] - [[Daewoo Nexia]]
* '''1.6&nbsp;L''' [[DOHC]] -  [[Daewoo Nexia]], [[Daewoo Espero]], [[Daewoo Lanos]]


===E-TEC II===
==References==
Updated version of D-TEC. Most models feature [[Euro III]]-compliancy, and 1.4&nbsp;L and 1.6&nbsp;L (1598cc) [[DOHC]] versions employ [[VLIM|variable intake]] geometry.
<references/>
 
* '''1.4&nbsp;L''' [[SOHC]] - [[Europe]]an [[Chevrolet Kalos]]/[[Chevrolet Aveo]]
* '''1.5&nbsp;L''' (1498cc) [[SOHC]], [[Euro II]] - [[Asia]]n, [[Middle East]]ern and [[South Africa]]n versions  [[Chevrolet Lacetti]], [[Chevrolet Nubira]] and [[Chevrolet Aveo]], [[Complete knock down|CKD]] kits of Aveo assembled by [[ZAZ]]
* '''1.4&nbsp;L''' (1498cc) [[DOHC]] - [[Europe]]an [[Chevrolet Kalos]]/[[Chevrolet Aveo]], [[Chevrolet Lacetti]] and [[Chevrolet Nubira]]
* '''1.6&nbsp;L''' (1598cc) [[DOHC]]- [[L91]]/LXT, {{convert|103|hp|abbr=on}} and {{convert|107|ft.lbf|N.m|abbr=on}} of torque, [[United States|U.S.]] version of [[Chevrolet Aveo]], Canadian [[Pontiac Wave]]; [[Europe]]an [[Chevrolet Lacetti]] and [[Chevrolet Nubira]], Korean [[Daewoo Kalos]] and [[Daewoo Gentra]]
* '''1.6&nbsp;L''' (1598cc) [[DOHC]] [[VVT]] - LXV
 
Higher-displacement versions of D-TEC and E-TEC II are indeed [[GM Family II engine#D-TEC/E-TEC II|Family II]] engines built by [[Holden]].
 
===L91===
This is the 1.6&nbsp;L — {{auto cm3in3|1598}} — variant of the engines, featuring a {{auto mm|79}} bore and {{auto mm|81.5}} stroke and a compression ratio of 9.5:1. Power is {{convert|103|hp|kW}} at 5800 rpm and torque is {{auto lbft|107}} at 3400 rpm.
 
The engine is used in
 
*[[Daewoo Kalos]]
*[[Daewoo Gentra]]
*[[Chevrolet Aveo]]
*[[Pontiac Wave]]
 
===LXV===
This is a 1.6&nbsp;L — {{auto cm3in3|1598}} — variant of the engines, featuring a {{auto mm|79}} bore and {{auto mm|81.5}} stroke and a compression ratio of 10.8:1.  The major difference from the '''L91''' is the addition of variable-valve-timing. Power is {{convert|106|hp|abbr=on}} at 6400 rpm and torque is {{auto lbft|105}} at 3800 rpm.
 
*[[Daewoo Gentra X]]
*[[Daewoo Lacetti Premium]]
*[[Chevrolet Cruze]]
 
==GM do Brasil==
[[GM do Brasil]] specializes on [[SOHC]], [[petrol]]-powered and ''FlexPower'' (powered with [[ethanol]] and/or [[petrol]], mixed in any percentage) engines.
 
*'''X10YFH''' - 1.0&nbsp;L [[SOHC]] FlexPower - [[Chevrolet Celta]], [[Chevrolet Corsa]] '''C''' and ''[[Chevrolet Classic]]'' (Corsa B 4 doors).
*'''X14YFH''' - 1.4&nbsp;L [[SOHC]] FlexPower - [[Chevrolet Prisma]], [[Chevrolet Corsa]] '''C''' and [[Chevrolet Meriva]].
*'''X18XE''' -  1.8&nbsp;L [[SOHC]] FlexPower - [[Chevrolet Corsa]], [[Chevrolet Montana]], and [[Chevrolet Meriva]]; [[Fiat Palio]], [[Fiat Siena]], [[Fiat Palio Weekend]], [[Fiat Strada]], [[Fiat Idea]], [[Fiat Punto]] and [[Fiat Stilo]].
 
GM Brasil also made 16-valve versions of the 1.0, 1.6 and 1.8-liter engines.
 
The 1.0&nbsp;L 16v was available in the Corsa line-up from 1999 to 2001. The 1.6&nbsp;L 16v was available in the '''Corsa GSi''' hatchback and the Chevrolet Corsa sedán and station wagon GLS trim. Finally, the 122-hp 1.8 16v was available in the [[Chevrolet Meriva]] and [[Fiat Stilo]].
 
==See also==
*[[GM Family II engine]]
*[[GM Family 0 engine]]
*[[List of GM engines]]


[[Category:GM engines|Family 1]]
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[[it:GM Family I]]
[[Category:General Motors factories]]
[[Category:Economy of Lansing, Michigan]]
[[Category:Motor vehicle assembly plants in Michigan]]

Revision as of 00:47, 3 February 2009

The Lansing Craft Centre was a specialized General Motors automobile assembly factory in Lansing Township, Michigan. The plant started production in 1987 and closed in 2006. It was originally built as a foundry in 1919. At the time of its closure, the plant was 985,000 square feet in size, and employed 400 workers.[1] It sat across Saginaw Street from the Lansing Metal Center.

The Lansing Craft Center was the construction site for low-volume vehicles like the General Motors EV1, Buick Reatta, and Cadillac Eldorado. The Craft Centre also produced the convertible Chevrolet Cavalier and Pontiac Sunfire. Its final product was the Chevrolet SSR. On November 21, 2005, General Motors announced that it would close the Lansing Craft Centre in mid-2006. The final SSR, a unique black-on-silver model, was built on March 17, 2006.[2] Many of the Craft Centre workers were transferred to the new Lansing Delta Township Assembly plant.

Products

  • 1988–1991 Buick Reatta
  • 1997–1999 General Motors EV1
  • Cadillac Eldorado
  • Chevrolet Cavalier convertible
  • Pontiac Sunfire convertible
  • 2003–2006 Chevrolet SSR

See also

References

  1. ↑ Barbara Wieland. "GM closures hit 1,600 in Lansing". Lansing State Journal. http://www.lansingstatejournal.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20051122/NEWS03/511220329/1004/news03. Retrieved on 2008. 
  2. ↑ Barbara Wieland. "Tearful workers say goodbye Last SSR rolls off Craft Centre line". Lansing State Journal. http://www.lsj.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060318/NEWS01/603180340/1001/NEWS. Retrieved on 2006. 

Coordinates: 42°44′33.813″N -84°35′6.4104″E / 42.74272583°N 83.414886°W / 42.74272583; -83.414886

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