Difference between revisions of "GM Vortec engine"
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{| | {{Mergeto|GM 54-Degree V6 engine|Talk:GM 54-Degree V6 engine#Merger proposal|date=January 2008}} | ||
{{Refimprove|date=June 2008}} | |||
{{Infobox Automobile engine | |||
| image = | |||
| name = X25XE | |||
| aka = | |||
| manufacturer = [[GM Europe|General Motors Europe]] | |||
| type = [[V6 engine|V6]] [[petrol engine]] | |||
| production = | |||
| predecessor = [[C25XE]] | |||
| successor = [[Y26SE]] | |||
| bore = {{auto mm|81.6|3}} | |||
| stroke = {{auto mm|79.6|3}} | |||
| displacement = {{auto cc|2498|1}} | |||
| length = | |||
| diameter = | |||
| width = | |||
| height = | |||
| weight = | |||
| block = [[cast iron]] | |||
| head = [[aluminium alloy]] | |||
| valvetrain = 2x [[DOHC]] | |||
| fuelsystem = | |||
| fueltype = [[gasoline|unleaded petrol]] | |||
| oilsystem = [[wet sump]] | |||
| coolingsystem = [[water]]/[[antifreeze]] | |||
| power = {{convert|125|kW|hp}} | |||
| specpower = | |||
| torque = {{auto Nm|227|0}} | |||
| compression = 10.8:1 | |||
| fuelcon = | |||
| specfuelcon = | |||
| oilcon = | |||
}} | |||
{{Infobox Automobile engine | |||
| image = | |||
| name = X30XE | |||
| aka = | |||
| manufacturer = [[GM Europe|General Motors Europe]] | |||
| type = [[V6 engine|V6]] [[petrol engine]] | |||
| production = | |||
| predecessor = | |||
| successor = [[Y32SE]] | |||
| bore = {{auto mm|86|3}} | |||
| stroke = {{auto mm|85|3}} | |||
| displacement = {{auto cc|2960|1}} | |||
| length = | |||
| diameter = | |||
| width = | |||
| height = | |||
| weight = | |||
| block = [[cast iron]] | |||
| head = [[aluminium alloy]] | |||
| valvetrain = 2x [[DOHC]] | |||
| fuelsystem = | |||
| fueltype = [[gasoline|unleaded petrol]] | |||
| oilsystem = [[wet sump]] | |||
| coolingsystem = [[water]]/[[antifreeze]] | |||
| power = {{convert|155|kW|hp}} | |||
| specpower = | |||
| torque = {{auto Nm|270|0}} | |||
| compression = 10.8:1 | |||
| fuelcon = | |||
| specfuelcon = | |||
| oilcon = | |||
}} | |||
The '''X25XE''' is a [[GM Europe|General Motors Europe]] (GM) [[petrol engine]]. It is a 2498 cc (2.5L) 24 valve, [[Overhead camshaft#Double overhead camshaft|DOHC]] [[V6 engine]], producing, in standard form {{convert|125|kW|hp}} (170 PS). | |||
The breakdown of the engine name <ref>Topbuzz, "Engine Codes Explained", ''Topbuzz Website'', 2002. Accessed 9 Dec 2006 [http://topbuzz.co.uk/info/engine_codes/engine_codes.htm]</ref> is as follows: | |||
'''X''' - Exhaust Emissions Level: 94/12/EC, stage 2<br> | |||
'''25''' - 2.5 Litre displacement<br> | |||
'''X''' - Compression Ratio - 10.0-11.5:1<br> | |||
'''E''' - Mixture System - Injection | |||
In the early 1990s, GM identified the need for a modern, lightweight and compact power plant to replace its ageing [[straight-6]] engine range. This [[internal combustion engine|engine]] needed to be compact, to allow its use in [[front-wheel drive]] applications, as well as [[rear-wheel drive]] [[automobile|cars]]. | |||
The first version arrived in the [[Opel Vectra#Vectra A|Opel Vectra]] / [[Vauxhall Cavalier]] (both codenamed "Vectra-A") and [[Opel Calibra|Opel/Vauxhall Calibra]] in the C25XE form, and was later followed by the X25XE in the [[Opel Omega|Opel/Vauxhall Omega]] and Vectra-B, with the Omega gaining a variant with increased displacement in the form of the '''[[X30XE]]'''. | |||
This power plant was a modern [[multi-valve|4 valve per cylinder]], quad cam arrangement, with an oil to water [[heat exchanger]] mounted within the V of the [[Cylinder block|engine block]]. The [[cylinder head]]s were constructed from aluminium alloy, and the block from [[cast iron]]. | |||
An unusual feature of the engine was its 54 degree [[Cylinder (engine)|cylinder]] angle, as opposed to the more conventional 60 degree setup used on many V6 units, this added to the setups' compactness. | |||
A [[Robert Bosch GmbH|Bosch]] [[Motronic]] engine management system is used to control the unit, with full sequential [[fuel injection]], knock control on each bank, [[distributor]]less [[ignition system]] (DIS), and closed loop lambda control. | |||
==Technical data== | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! '''Engine''' | |||
| '''X25XE''' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | !configuration | ||
|[[V6 engine|V6]] [[petrol engine]] | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !displacement (cc) | ||
|2498 | |||
|- | |- | ||
|| | !bore (mm) | ||
|{{auto mm|81.6|3}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !stroke (mm) | ||
|{{auto mm|79.6|3}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|| | !max power kW @rpm | ||
|{{convert|125|kW|hp}} @ 6000 | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !max torque Nm @rpm | ||
|{{auto Nm|227|0}} @ 3200 | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !compression ratio | ||
|10.8:1 | |||
|- | |- | ||
!engine management | |||
|[[Robert Bosch GmbH|Bosch]] [[Motronic]] M2.8.1 then M2.8.3 in 2000 approx | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !idle speed | ||
|450-1030 | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !max rpm | ||
|6600 | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !firing order | ||
|1-2-3-4-5-6 | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! '''Engine''' | |||
| '''X30XE''' | |||
|- | |- | ||
|| | !configuration | ||
|[[V6 engine|V6]] [[petrol engine]] | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !displacement (cc) | ||
| 2960 | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !bore (mm) | ||
| {{auto mm|86|3}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
|| | !stroke (mm) | ||
| {{auto mm|85|3}} | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !max power kW @rpm | ||
| {{convert|155|kW|hp}} @ 6000 | |||
|- | |- | ||
|| | !max torque Nm @rpm | ||
| {{auto Nm|270|0}} @ 3400 | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !compression ratio | ||
| 10.8:1 | |||
|- | |- | ||
|| | !engine management | ||
| [[Robert Bosch GmbH|Bosch]] [[Motronic]] M2.8.1 then M2.8.3 in 2000 approx | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | !idle speed | ||
| 450-1030 | |||
|- | |- | ||
!max rpm | |||
| 6600 | |||
| | |||
|- | |- | ||
!firing order | |||
| 1-2-3-4-5-6 | |||
|} | |} | ||
The "X" variant of the engine had the addition of secondary air injection, and EGR to meet later and more stringent emission requirements. | |||
The air injection blew air via a large blower into the [[exhaust manifold]]s to ignite un-burnt fuel in the downpipes during the engine warm up phase, in order to get the [[catalytic converter]]s up to temperature faster. The EGR setup re-cycled exhaust gases (which are in theory inert to the combustion cycle) in order to reduce the production of NOx. | |||
==History== | |||
Minor changes were made to the unit during its production, including an uprated [[oil pump (internal combustion engine)|oil pump]] around mid 1997, with the addition of larger oilways in the head machining (T-Vents), and modified [[tappet|valve lifters]] to reduce top-end valve noise, at which point the [[timing belt|cam belt]] arrangement also changed with the lower idler moving. | |||
Around 1998, the spin-on metal canister [[filter (oil)|oil filter]] was changed to a disposable paper element. | |||
2000 saw a complete revision of the power plant in order to meet increasing emission requirements, with the 2.5 and 3.0 being replaced by lower compression 2.6 (Y26SE) and 3.2 (Y32SE) units. | |||
These later power plants had a revised [[engine management system]] setup, which utilised quad lambda sensor control, coil per plug ignition system and [[drive by wire]] throttles. The 3.2 also received a stronger steel [[crankshaft]]. As a result of these changes the EGR and secondary air injection system were removed. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{ | {{reflist}} | ||
[[Category:GM engines| | [[Category:GM engines|2.5L]] |