Difference between revisions of "Chevrolet Kalos"

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{{Refimprove|date=March 2008}}
{{Infobox Automobile
{{Cleanup|date=September 2008}}
|image = [[Image:Chevrolet Aveo LT hatch front.jpg|250px|2004-2006 Chevrolet Aveo LT 5-door (US)]]
{{Original research|article|date=September 2008}}
|name = Daewoo Kalos
|manufacturer = [[GM Daewoo]], [[FSO]]
|class = [[Subcompact]]
|aka=Chevrolet Aveo<br/>[[Holden Barina]]
|production = 2003-present
|predecessor = [[Daewoo Lanos]]<br />[[Geo Metro|Chevrolet Metro]]<br />[[Pontiac Firefly]]<Br />[[Holden Barina]] (XC)
|body_style = 3-door [[hatchback]]<Br>5-door [[hatchback]]<br />4-door [[sedan (car)|sedan]]
|parent_company = [[General Motors]]
|layout = [[FF layout]]
|transmission = 4-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]]<br />
5-speed [[Manual transmission|manual]]
|Designer = [[Italdesign]]
}}


{| border=1 align="right" cellpadding=2 cellspacing=0 width=305 style="margin-left:4em; margin-bottom: 2em; color: black; background: white;"
The '''Daewoo Kalos''' is a [[subcompact car|subcompact automobile]] manufactured by [[GM Daewoo]] (the [[South Korea]]n subsidiary of [[General Motors]]) introduced in 2002 and marketed globally in 120 countries&nbsp;— prominently as the '''Chevrolet Aveo'''<ref>{{cite web | date = [[2007-08-01]] | url = http://media.gm.com/us/chevrolet/en/product_services/r_cars/r_c_aveo/index.html | title = 2008 Chevrolet Aveo sedan & Aveo5 | publisher = [[General Motors]] | accessdate = 2008-01-25 }}</ref>  ''(ah-VAY-o)''.<ref>{{cite web | url= http://www.automobilemag.com/reviews/wagons/0403_chevrolet_aveo/index.html| title= Chevrolet Aveo| work= Automobile Magazine }}</ref>
!colspan=2 style="color: white; background: blue;"|Chevrolet Small-Block V8 engine
|-
|Manufacturer:||[[General Motors Corporation|General Motors]]
|-
|Production:||1955–2002
|-
|Successors:||[[GM LT engine]], [[GM LS engine]]
|-
|Type:||[[small-block]] [[V8]]
|-
!colspan=2 style="color: blue; background: white;"|265
|-
|Production:||1954–1957
|-
|Displacement:||{{Auto CID|265}}
|-
|Power:||{{Convert|162|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}-{{Convert|240|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}
|-
|Bore and Stroke:||{{Convert|3.750|x|3.00|in|mm|1|abbr=on}}
|-
!colspan=2 style="color: blue; background: white;"|283
|-
|Production:||1957–1967
|-
|Displacement:||{{Auto CID|283}}
|-
|Power:||{{Convert|220|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}-{{Convert|315|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}
|-
|Bore and Stroke:||{{Convert|3.875|x|3.00|in|mm|1|abbr=on}}
|-
!colspan=2 style="color: blue; background: white;"|307
|-
|Production:||1968–1973
|-
|Displacement:||{{Auto CID|307}}
|-
|Power:||{{Convert|115|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}-{{Convert|200|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}
|-
|Bore and Stroke:||{{Convert|3.875|x|3.25|in|mm|1|abbr=on}}
|-
!colspan=2 style="color: blue; background: white;"|327
|-
|Production:||1962–1969
|-
|Displacement:||{{Auto CID|327}}
|-
|Power:||{{Convert|250|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}-{{Convert|375|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}
|-
|Bore and Stroke:||{{Convert|4.000|x|3.25|in|mm|1|abbr=on}}
|-
!colspan=2 style="color: blue; background: white;"|302
|-
|Production:||1967–1969
|-
|Displacement:||{{Auto CID|302}}
|-
|Power:||{{Convert|290|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}
|-
|Bore and Stroke:||{{Convert|4.000|x|3.00|in|mm|1|abbr=on}}
|-
!colspan=2 style="color: blue; background: white;"|400
|-
|Production:||1970–1981
|-
|Displacement:||{{Auto CID|400}}
|-
|Power:||{{Convert|150|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}-{{Convert|265|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}
|-
|Bore and Stroke:||{{Convert|4.125|x|3.75|in|mm|1|abbr=on}}
|-
!colspan=2 style="color: blue; background: white;"|262
|-
|Production:||1975–1976
|-
|Displacement:||{{Auto CID|262}}
|-
|Power:||{{Convert|110|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}
|-
|Bore and Stroke:||{{Convert|3.670|x|3.10|in|mm|1|abbr=on}}
|-
!colspan=2 style="color: blue; background: white;"|305
|-
|Production:||1976–1992
|-
|Displacement:||{{Auto CID|305}}
|-
|Power:||{{Convert|130|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}-{{Convert|250|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}
|-
|Bore and Stroke:||{{Convert|3.736|x|3.48|in|mm|1|abbr=on}}
|-
!colspan=2 style="color: blue; background: white;"|350
|-
|Production:||1967–2002 (production ceased in 2002 for USA production only; still manufactured in Mexico for GM's Goodwrench Replacement Engines)
|-
|Displacement:||{{Auto CID|350}}
|-
|Power:||{{Convert|145|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}-{{Convert|370|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}
|-
|Bore and Stroke:||{{Convert|4.000|x|3.48|in|mm|1|abbr=on}}
|}


[[Chevrolet]]'s '''[[small-block]]''' [[V8]] is a famous [[automobile]] engine. Soon after being introduced, it quickly gained popularity among [[stock car]] racers, becoming known as the "[[Mighty Mouse]]" motor, after the popular cartoon character of the time. This was often shortened to the "mouse motor"<ref>http://www.hotrod.com/techarticles/302_small_block_chevy_engine_build/index.html Hot Rod Magazine. 302 Small-Block Chevy - Engine Build - Mighty (Efficient) Mouse. Jeff Smith</ref> for its compact dimensions and lighter weight, compared to other V8 engines of the time (Chevrolet would later introduce the larger [[Chevrolet Big-Block engine|big block engine]], which gained the nickname "[[rat]] motor"). Production of the small-block began in [[1955]] with the 265 ci. engine. By 1957 it had grown to {{Auto CID|283}}, and with the optional Rochester mechanical fuel injection, it became one of the first production engines ever to make one horsepower per cubic inch. This engine was used to power the [[Chevrolet Corvette|Corvette]], and the [[Bel Air]] at that time. It would later be extended to other vehicles as well, and replace the old style 265 V8s. The displacement changed over the years, eventually reaching {{Auto CID|400}}, but none caught on like the {{Auto CID|350}} small-block. This engine is still in production today at General Motors Toluca, Mexico plant (primarily for the GM over-the-counter Goodwrench powerplants), but is no longer offered in current model year vehicles since the year 2004. Its production numbers were impressive, with more than 90,000,000 built. It has been produced in carbureted, mechanical fuel injection, and electronic fuel injection forms.
Marketed worldwide under five [[General Motors|GM]] [[brand]]s and eleven different [[nameplate]]s, the Kalos vehicles have evolved through two re-stylings in the car's first generation and have featured three body styles and five engine configurations&nbsp;— all built on a dedicated platform shared with no other vehicles. The two styling iterations are called '''T200''' and '''T250'''&nbsp;— deriving from the internal coding used by first Daewoo and then GM Daewoo during the car's development.


From 1955-74, the small-block engine was known as the "Turbo-Fire V8".
The nameplate "Kalos" derives from the [[Modern greek|Greek]] word [[Kalos inscription|kalos (καλός)]] for "beautiful".<ref>{{cite web | year = 2002 | month = July | url = http://www.autoexpress.co.uk/carreviews/firstdrives/27945/daewoo_kalos.html | title = Daewoo Kalos | publisher = Dennis Publishing | accessdate = 2008-01-25 }}</ref>


Although [[Buick]], [[Cadillac (automobile)|Cadillac]], [[Oldsmobile]], and [[Pontiac]] also designed V8 engines (see [[list of GM engines]]), it was [[Chevrolet]]'s {{Auto CID|350}} small-block that became the GM corporate standard. Over the years, every American General Motors division except [[Saturn Corporation|Saturn]] used the Chevrolet small-block, and its descendants (see [[GM LT engine]] and [[GM LS engine]]) continue as the company's mainstream V8 design today.
==First generation (T200)==
{{Infobox Automobile generation
|name = T200
|image = [[Image:04-06 Chevrolet Aveo sedan 2.jpg|250px|T200 Chevrolet Aveo sedan (US)]]
|production = 2002-2008
|assembly = [[Bupyeong-gu|Bupyong]], [[South Korea]]<br>[[Zaporizhia]], [[Ukraine]]<br>[[Shanghai]], [[People's Republic of China|China]]<br>[[Bogotá, Colombia]] <br>[[Quito, Ecuador]]
|aka = Chevrolet Aveo<br />Chevrolet Kalos<br />[[Holden Barina]] (TK)<br />Pontiac Wave<br />Suzuki Swift+<br />GM Daewoo Kalos
|platform = [[GM T platform|T200]]
|wheelbase = {{auto mm|2480}}
|length = {{auto mm|3880}} (hatch)<br />{{auto mm|4235}} (sedan)
|width = {{auto mm|1670}}
|height = {{auto mm|1485}}
|engine = {{auto L|1.2}}, {{auto L|1.4}}, {{auto L|1.5}}, {{auto L|1.6}} [[Straight-4|I4]]
|fuel_capacity = {{Convert|45|L|usgal impgal|1|abbr=on}}
|designer = [[Italdesign Giugiaro]]
}}


The small-block was on the [[Ward's 10 Best Engines#20th Century|Ward's 10 Best Engines of the 20th Century]] list.
The original Daewoo Kalos was introduced in 2002, based on a then-new [[Daewoo]] platform named ''T200'', replacing the [[Daewoo Lanos]] (''T100''). Under development before Daewoo's bankruptcy, the Kalos was the company's first new model introduction following its subsequent takeover by General Motors.<ref name = "www.channel4.com">{{cite web | last = AlKhalisi | first = Farah | url = http://www.channel4.com/4car/road-tests/D/daewoo/kalos02-/kalos02--intro.html?noforward=true | title = Road Test: Daewoo Kalos (2002-2005) | publisher = [[Channel 4]] | accessdate = 2008-01-25}}</ref> Manufacture of the Kalos began in early March, 2002 <ref name = "www.channel4.com">{{cite web| url = http://www.fastlane.com.au/News_Daewoo/Kalos_preprod.htm| title = Kalos looks the goods in pre-production}}</ref>, with pre-production prototypes shown at the Geneva Auto Show in April 2002.


[[Chevrolet]] tested the small-block twice with no water and no oil at wide-open throttle. The first time it lasted an hour and 15 minutes and the second time it lasted two hours.<ref>Young, R: ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=1sSrW84F3PsC "Camaro"]'', page 115. MotorBooks/MBI Publishing Company, 2000. Google Book search. Retrieved August 11, 2008.</ref>
===Conception===
Originally designed by [[Italdesign Giugiaro]], the Kalos derives directly from the '''Kalos Dream''' concept vehicle first presented at the 2000 [[Paris Motor Show]] and subsequent developmental concepts at the 2001 Frankfurt Motor Show, 2002 Geneva Auto Show, and 2003 at the Geneva Show. [http://archive.cardesignnews.com/autoshows/2001/frankfurt/features/daewoo-kalos/index.html ('''''Kalos Dream''''' photos)] During this three-year development period [[Daewoo]] was struggling financially, with the ultimate fate of the company and the concept vehicle remaining uncertain.


==Major Versions==
Upon introduction the initial European models carried an emblem reading "Design Giugiaro." Referring to his firm's design of the Kalos, [[Giorgetto Giugiaro]] said:
===Generation 1===
{{cquote|''When we designed it, we set out to produce an alternative to conventional lines and tread new paths in terms of design.'' <ref name="www.carpages.co.uk">{{Cite web|url=http://www.carpages.co.uk/chevrolet/daewoo_the_new_kalos_17_09_02.asp|title=The New Daewoo Kalos: Striking Design And Space Efficient}}</ref>}}
The original design of the small block remained remarkably unchanged for its production run, which began in 1955 and ended, in passenger vehicles, in 2003. The engine is still being built today for many aftermarket applications, both to replace worn-out older engines and also by many builders as high-performance applications. There were, however many minor changes made to the engine over the years; these changes are listed below.
*'''1955''' - The first year of introduction in {{Auto CID|265}} only. As was fairly common for the time, no provision for an oil filter was included in the engine design.
*'''1956''' - Oil filtration was introduced, using a sock style filter in a canister.
*'''1957''' - The engine came with only front mounts, the side mount bosses were present but not drilled and tapped leaving its retrofitting problematic.
*'''1962''' - The block's cylinder wall casting was revised to allow four inch bores. Previously, only certain years of the 283 engine (1958-1962) could be bored safely to four inches.
*'''1968''' - The main journal diameter was increased to 2.45 in from 2.30 in and the connecting rod journal diameter was increased to 2.10 in from 2.00 in. This allowed the use of cast iron crankshafts as the previous parts were made of forged steel. The rod bolts were changed from 11/32 in. diameter to 3/8 inch. Additionally, the canister/sock style oil filter was now converted to use spin on filters. The oil fill location was moved from a tube on the front of the intake manifold to a cap on either side valve cover.
*'''1986''' - The rear main seal was changed from a 2-piece rubber design to a 1-piece rubber design that used a mounting appliance to hold it in place. This necessitated a change in the flywheel/flexplate bolt pattern as well.
*'''1987''' - The valve cover surfaces were changed such that cylinder head mounting lip was raised and the bolt location was moved from 4 bolts on the perimeter, to 4 bolts down the centerline of the valve cover (this design debuted on the Corvette in 1985, and Chevrolet 4.3 L the year before).  Also changed were the mounting angles of the center 2 bolts on each side of the intake manifold (from 90 degrees to 73 degrees) and the lifter bosses were increased in height to accept roller lifters. The alloy heads for use in the Corvette still retain the non-angled bolts (center 2 bolts attaching to the intake). Also all carburetors were done away with and replaced by TBI (throttle-body injection) fuel injection that acts some what like a carburetor.
*'''1996''' - This was the last change for the Generation I engine, and continued through the end of the production run in 2003; all 1997-2003 Generation I engines were [[Vortec]] truck engines. The cylinder heads were redesigned using improved ports and combustion chambers similar to those in the Generation II LT1. Again, the intake manifold bolt pattern changed - four bolts per cylinder head are used instead of the traditional six. This change resulted in significant power increases.


=====SB2 and SB2.2=====
The T200 sedans and hatchbacks featured a [[swage#car styling swage line|swage line]] running along the lower body to the rear door, which kinks downward prominently on the hatchback. 5-door hatchbacks also feature a side window in the [[C pillar|C/D pillar]] with a distinctively angled lower edge. Interiors feature a circular motif throughout. North American Chevrolet Aveo, Canadian Pontiac Wave and Suzuki Swift+ and Australian Holden Barina variants featured the same grille with slight differences; European versions and some Latin American versions featured a wider grille with larger slanted headlights.
(Small Block/second generation) This engine was produced from 1996 to the present for racing applications only. The cylinder heads were redesigned and the lifter bores were offset. The valve sequence for each head was changed from the traditional '''E-I-I-E-E-I-I-E''' to a new '''I-E-I-E-E-I-E-I''' and because of this the camshaft was redesigned.


===Generation II===
===Design development===
[[Image:1993ChevroletCamaroZ28-003.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[GM LT engine|LT1]] from a 1993 [[Chevrolet Camaro]] Z28]]
Daewoo's now disbanded Worthing Technical Centre in the UK conducted the initial research and platform engineering, with Daewoo's main Technical Center in [[Bupyeong-gu|Bupyong]], Incheon, South Korea completing the majority of the later development programme. Daewoo engineers refined the chassis in Britain, on the proving ground at [[Motor Industry Research Association]] near Nuneaton, UK.<ref name="www.carpages.co.uk"/> Long-term testing covered nearly 2.2 million kilometers (1.4&nbsp;million miles) with further testing outside South Korea on test sites in [[Arjeplog]], [[Sweden]]; [[Granada]] and [[Idiada]], Spain; [[Kapuskasing]], Canada and [[Beijing]], China.<ref name="media.gm.com">{{Cite web|url=http://media.gm.com/kr/daewoo/en/news/2002/090002_kalos_long.html|title=Market and model -- Good Prospects for the Kalos in a Growing Segment}}</ref>
See the [[GM LT engine]] page for more information on the Generation II small-block V8s, which differ mainly in their reverse-flow cooling system.


===Generation III / IV===
According to an April, 2003 GMDAT press release, Daewoo built 119 prototypes during the Kalos's design and development, crashing 31 for research and data-gathering purposes,<ref name="media.gm.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.gmdaewoo.co.kr/eng01/news/news02_view.jsp?idxno=20&search=&type=1&nowpage=19|title=Kalos mini-car marks fresh start for GM-Daewoo}}</ref> and manufacturing 39 pilot production vehicles to verify standards and quality.<ref name="media.gm.com"/>
[[Image:1998ChevroletCamaroZ28-engine.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[GM LS engine|LS1]] from a 1998 [[Chevrolet Camaro]] Z28]]
See the [[GM LS engine]] page for more information on the current family of General Motors small-block V8s.


==Early Small Blocks==
The body's sheet metal panel gaps were kept to {{Auto mm|3|1}} and all but the roof panel were galvanized steel. 46% of the Kalos' underlying structural components were produced with high-strength steel, with tailor-welded blanks used in the production of the vehicle to put strength where needed while saving weight.
The first small block Chevrolet V-8 was a {{Auto CID|265}} engine that was developed in 1955 for the Corvette. The small block has remained popular due to its relatively compact size, light weight, and extensive aftermarket support.


===265===
The front suspension used MacPherson struts with offset coil springs and a stabilizer bar, while the rear featured a semi-independent torsion beam axle.
The {{Auto CID|265}} V8 was the first Chevrolet small block. Designed by [[Ed Cole]]'s group at [[Chevrolet]], it filled the power gap in the 1955 [[Chevrolet Corvette|Corvette]] lineup, producing an impressive {{Convert|250|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}. The little engine went from drawings to production in just 15 weeks. Besides its compact dimensions, the small-block was known for its novel green-sand foundry construction process.


Dimensions were [[oversquare]] - 3.75 in (95 mm) bore and 3 in (76 mm) stroke. The small-block's 4.4 in (111.8 mm) bore spacing would continue in use for decades. It was a [[pushrod]] cast-iron engine with hydraulic [[lifter]]s and a 2-barrel or 4-barrel Rochester [[carburetor]]. The 1955 conventional passenger car version produced {{Convert|162|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} with a 2-barrel carburetor, or could be upgraded at extra cost to a "Power Pack" version conservatively rated at {{Convert|180|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} with a four-barrel Rochester and dual exhaust. The first production year of this engine had no provision for oil filtration built into the block; however, an add-on filter mounted on the thermostat housing was installed during production. Due to the lack of adequate oil filtration provisions, the '55 model year block is typically only desirable to period collectors.
===Body and packaging===
The Kalos was sold in three available body styles: a 4-door sedan and 5-door hatchback from the beginning of production in 2002, and a 3-door hatchback available in certain European markets beginning in 2005. All body styles meet North American [[subcompact]] and European [[supermini|supermini or B-segment]] size classifications.


The 1956 Corvette introduced three versions of this engine - {{Convert|210|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}, {{Convert|225|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} with twin 4-barrel carbs, and {{Convert|240|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} with a high-lift cam.
All Kalos iterations featured high [[H-point]] seating within a relatively narrow, short and high-roofed body that combined a long wheelbase with short front ({{convert|81|cm|in|abbr=on|disp=s}}) and rear ({{convert|49|cm|in|abbr=on|disp=s}}, hatchback) overhangs to maximize the outward visibility, interior space and maneuverability relative to the vehicle's footprint. Rear seat [[H-point]]s are higher in all body types, giving the car theatre seating.
*1955, 1956 [[Chevrolet Corvette]]
*1955 Chevrolet, {{Convert|165|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} (2-barrel) and {{Convert|195|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} (4-barrel)


===283===
Per the German [[Verband der Automobilindustrie]] standard, 5-door hatchbacks featured {{convert|175|L|cuft}} of cargo space with the rear seats in their upright positions and {{convert|735|L|cuft|lk=on}} with the rear seats folded down, with a maximum payload rating of {{Auto kg|495|0}}.<ref name="media.gm.com"/> Per [[United States Environmental Protection Agency|U.S. Environmental Protection Agency]] (EPA) ratings the 5-door hatchbacks featured cargo volume of {{convert|11.7|cuft|L}} (rear seats up) to {{convert|42|cuft|L|abbr=on}} (rear seats down), with {{convert|7.1|cuft|L|abbr=on}} available in the sedan.
The {{Auto CID|283}} V8 was introduced in 1957. It was a version of the {{Auto CID|265}} with a larger bore at 3.87 in (98 mm). There were five different versions ranging from {{Convert|185|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} to {{Convert|283|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} depending on whether a single carb, twin carbs, or fuel injection was used. Power was up a bit each year for 1958, 1959, and 1960.


The 1957 engine featured ''Ramjet'' mechanical [[fuel injection]], allowing the engine to produce {{Convert|1|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} per cubic inch, an impressive feat at the time. For 1961, an amazing {{Convert|315|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} was available from this unit.
The interior volume was {{convert|102.7|L|cuft|abbr=on}} (5-door) and {{convert|107.4|L|cuft|abbr=on}} (sedan) according to the EPA, meeting the minimum criterion for a [[compact car|compact]] vehicle despite being marketed as a sub-compact. Headroom was unmatched in its class at the time of its introduction.<ref name="www.carpages.co.uk"/>
*1957-1962 [[Chevrolet Corvette]]


===302===
The body featured a [[drag coefficient]] of 0.35, with a frontal area of {{convert|2.16|m2|sqft|abbr=on}} giving aerodynamic resistance of {{convert|00.74|m2|sqft|abbr=on}}.<ref name="www.carpages.co.uk">{{Cite web|url=http://www.carpages.co.uk/chevrolet/daewoo_kalos_market_and_model_part_1_17_09_02.asp|title=The New Daewoo Kalos&nbsp;— Market And Model}}</ref>
[[Chevrolet]] produced a special {{Auto CID|302}} engine for [[Trans-Am Series|Trans Am]] racing from 1967-1969. It was the product of placing the 3-inch stroke crankshaft into a 4-inch bore block. Although the 283 also used a 3-inch stroke crankshaft, it was a low performance cast iron crankshaft. The crankshaft for the 302 was specially built of forged steel. This engine was used only in the first-generation [[Chevrolet Camaro|Camaro Z28]].  Conservatively rated at 290 hp (216 kW), actual output was around {{Convert|375|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}. This block is one of 3 displacements that underwent a transformation for the 1968/1969 period when the main bearing size was increased from 2.30 in to 2.45 in.


===307===
===Design features===
A {{Auto CID|307}} version was produced from 1968 through 1973. Engine bore was 3.875 inches (98.4 mm) with a {{convert|3.25|in|mm|1|adj=on}} stroke.
* The interior features Isofix child seat anchorages.
* The T200 features a slot specifically for holding toll tickets in the instrument panel adjacent to the steering wheel.
* The optional four-speed automatic has a “hold” feature that causes the four speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]] to behave like a three speed manual: that is, it 'holds' the transmission in the gear which is selected.  Useful for engine braking down long grades.
* Kalos models and their variants are marketed as entry-level vehicles in various trim levels globally with options unusual at entry-level: including AM/FM/CD/MP3 audio, steering wheel mounted radio controls, power locks and windows, remote keyless entry, and heated sideview mirrors and power sunroof.
* Common equipment includes tilt steering column, six-way adjustable driver seat, rear-window defroster, remote fuel door and a 60/40 split-bench folding rear seat. The instrument panel includes a tachometer, speedometer, odometer, trip odometer, fuel gauge, coolant temperature gauge and lighting dimmer control. The IP also has a center storage tray, lighter, extra 12-volt outlet, digital quartz clock and lighted glove box.


The 307 replaced the 283 in Chevrolet cars and produced 200 hp (149 kW) SAE gross at 4600 rpm and {{Auto lbft|300}} of torque at 2400 rpm in the 1960s. The later emissions-modified versions produced just 115 hp (86 kW) SAE net, giving the engine one of the lowest power-per-displacement ratings of all time. Chevrolet never produced a high-performance version of this engine, though they did produce, for Outboard Marine Corporation, a high-performance marinized 307, rated at {{Convert|235|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Convert|245|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} SAE gross, depending on year, that shipped with the Corvette/Z-28's cast aluminum valve covers and Rochester QuadraJet carb. Chevy also built other versions of the OMC 307 rated at {{Convert|210|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}, {{Convert|215|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Convert|225|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} SAE gross.
===Safety===
The Kalos models have been tested in at least four international New Car Assessment Programs, the results reflecting varying equipment [http://www.safecarguide.com/exp/euroncap/euroncap.htm  and the differences in the tests themselves.] Based on market priorities and price point control, some safety equipment is either unavailable or available only as extra-cost options (including side airbags, ABS, foglights and a rear center position three-point seatbelts and headrests.)


One of the biggest myths about the 307 is that all the blocks were cast with a very low nickel content. However, some 307 blocks, such as casting number 3970020 with suffix VxxxxTHA (x's in place for date), had 010 and 020 stamped under the timing chain cover indicating high tin and nickel content.
'''Korea:''' models received four stars for both driver and front-seat passenger in crash tests conducted by the Korean Automobile Test and Research Institute ([[KATRI]]).<ref name="media.gm.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.gmdaewoo.co.kr/eng01/news/news02_view.jsp?idxno=20929&search=&type=1&nowpage=13|title=Daewoo Kalos Conquers U.S. Car Market in First Ten Months}}</ref>


===327===<!-- This section is linked from [[Rambler Rebel]] -->
'''Europe:''' models received [http://www.euroncap.com/tests/chevrolet_kalos_2006/256.aspx the following] European New Car Assessment Program ([[Euro NCAP]]) ratings:
The {{Auto CID|327}} V8, introduced in 1962, had a bore and stroke of 4 in (102 mm) by 3.25 in. Power ranged from {{Convert|250|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} to {{Convert|375|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} depending on the choice of carburetor or fuel injection, camshaft, cylinder heads, pistons and intake manifold. In 1962, the Duntov solid lifter cam versions produced {{Convert|340|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}, {{Auto lbft|344}} with single Carter 4-brl, and {{Convert|360|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}, {{Auto lbft|352}} with Rochester mechanical fuel injection. In 1964, horsepower increased to {{Convert|365|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} for the now dubbed '''L76''' version, and {{Convert|375|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} for the fuel injected '''L84''' respectively, making the L84 the most powerful naturally aspirated, single-cam, production small block V8 until the appearance of the {{Convert|385|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}, {{Auto lbft|385}} Generation III [[LS6]] in 2001. * L79, L84 1963-1965; [[Chevrolet Corvette]]. This block is one of three displacements that under went a major change in 1968/1969 when the main bearing size was increased from {{convert|2.30|to(-)|2.4|in|mm|1}}. In 1965 the SS malibu choice of the 327/350 hp know as the "L79", with a aluminum manifold, holley squarebore carb, chrome valve covers, a huge 8" balancer, huge 2.02" intake valves and could only be ordered with a 4 speed trans. It was also used in the [[Opel Admiral]], [[Opel Diplomat]] and [[Opel Kapitan]] models.
* Adult Occupant: {{rating|3|5}}, score 17
* Child Occupant: {{rating|3|5}}, score 26
* Pedestrian: {{rating|2|4}}, score 11


===400===
'''Australia:''' Holden Barina models received scored 2 stars (of 5) from [[Australasian New Car Assessment Program]] (ANCAP), a rating that is lower than the previous European-built, Opel-based Barina had scored,<ref name="media.gm.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.caradvice.com.au/5/holden-barina-korean-safety/|title=Holden Barina Korean Safety}}</ref> and the lowest ANCAP rating since 2004.<ref name="media.gm.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ltsa.govt.nz/vehicles/ancap/holden/barina-2005.html|title=Holden Barina ANCAP ratings}}</ref> Notably, the Australian Barina models do not feature the front-seat mounted side airbags offered in other markets (e.g., USA), nor are the ANCAP ratings directly comparable to the ratings of other NCAP programs.
A {{Auto CID|400}} small-block was introduced in 1970 and produced for 10 years. It had a {{convert|4.125|in|mm|1|adj=on}} bore and a {{convert|3.75|in|mm|1|adj=on}} stroke. Initial output was {{Convert|265|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and was only available equipped with a 2-barrel carburetor. In 1974 a 4-barrel version of the 400 was introduced,while the 2-barrel version stopped production in 1975. 1976 was the last year that the 400 was used in a Chevrolet Passenger car, available in both the A-Body and B-Body line. While popular with circle-track racers, the engine was prone to cooling troubles if cylinder heads without steam holes were used. They mostly put out 250 hp stock. Due to the way the block was designed, the 2 bolt main engines were stronger than the 4 bolt versions. The 509 2 bolt main block is the most desirable 400 block.
* See Also: [[Holden Barina#Safety|Holden Barina Safety]]
* See Also: [http://www.landtransport.govt.nz/vehicles/ancap/holden/barina-2005.html ANCAP Results, Holden Barina, 2005-on]


==Later Small Blocks==
===Engines===
This section documents the odd-size small blocks developed after the 350 appeared in 1969. Many of these basic blocks are variations of the 350 design.
[[Daewoo S-TEC engine|S-TEC]]
* {{Auto L|1.2}} [[SOHC]] [[Straight-4|I4]] - South Korea, Europe, India


===262===
[[GM Family 1 engine#E-TEC II|E-TEC II]]
The '''262''' was a {{Auto CID|262}} 90° [[pushrod]] V8 with an iron block and heads. Bore and stroke were 3.67 in (93 mm) by 3.10 in (78.7 mm). Power output for 1975 was {{Convert|110|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|195}}. The 262 was underpowered and was replaced by the 305 the following year.
* {{Auto L|1.4}} [[SOHC]] [[Straight-4|I4]] - Europe
* {{Auto L|1.4}} [[DOHC]] [[Straight-4|I4]] - Europe, Ecuador, Colombia, Chile, India, Philippines
* {{Auto L|1.5}} [[SOHC]] [[Straight-4|I4]] - South Korea, Europe, South Africa, Philippines
* {{Auto L|1.6}} [[SOHC]] [[Straight-4|I4]] - [[Ukraine]]
* {{Auto L|1.6}} [[DOHC]] [[Straight-4|I4]] - North America, Venezuela, Australia, China, India


This was Chevrolet's second 4.3 L-displacement powerplant; two other Chevrolet engines displaced 4.3 L: the [[GM Vortec engine#4300|Vortec 4300]] (a V6 based on the Chevrolet 350, with two cylinders removed), and a derivative of the [[LT1]] known as the [[GM LT engine#L99 .284.3L.29|L99]] (using the 305's 3.736-inch bore, 5.94-inch connecting rods, and a 3-inch crankshaft stroke).  
===Concept vehicles===
* '''Aveo Xtreme:''' Introduced at [[Auto Shanghai|Auto Shanghai 2005]], the '''Aveo Xtreme''' featured custom fenders, spoilers and rocker panels, lowered suspension, and a bold green paint scheme. While essentially a styling exercise targeted at young [[Car tuning|Tuners]],<ref name="www.carpages.co.uk"/> the Xtreme included a Pioneer AVHP 6500 AM/FM stereo with CD, DVD and MP3 playback, along with XM Satellite Radio, 7-inch touch screen and a integrated PlayStation 2 game system.<ref name="www.http://media.gm.com>{{Cite web|url=http://media.gm.com/events/sema/sema03gm/chevrolet/Chevy_Aveo%20Xtreme.html|title=Chevrolet Aveo Xtreme Concept is a Head-turner}}</ref>
* '''Chevrolet [[Chevrolet Beat|Beat]], [[Chevrolet Groove|Groove]], and [[Chevrolet Trax|Trax]]:''' Originally showcased at the 2007 [[New York International Auto Show]]<ref name="GMintro">{{cite web |url=http://media.gm.com/servlet/GatewayServlet?target=http://image.emerald.gm.com/gmnews/viewmonthlyreleasedetail.do?domain=74&docid=34966 |title=Size Does not Matter: Three Chevrolet Global Minicar Concepts Pack A Lot Of Personality And Style Per Mile}}</ref><ref name=autoblog.com>{{cite web |url=http://www.autoblog.com/2007/04/04/new-york-auto-show-chevy-debuts-the-beat-groove-and-trax-conce/ |title=Chevy debuts the Beat, Groove and Trax mini car concepts}}</ref> these three concept vehicles each highlighted a different direction the Kalos platform might develop. At the 2007 Los Angeles Auto Show, General Motors announced the Beat will go into production for the world market, although not immediately in the United States.<ref name="www.topspeed.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.topspeed.com/cars/car-news/-chevrolet-beat-goes-into-production-ar47343.html|title=Chevrolet Beat goes into production}}</ref>
* '''Aveo, Iron Man Edition:''' Appearing at the 2007 [[Auto Shanghai]], a radically restyled five-door Chevrolet Aveo was on display at General Motors’ stand. The concept was nameless and featured orange paint, black front and rear cladding and a prominent black stripe from front to back. Windingroad.com's Art Director Nate Luzod labeled this Chevrolet the “Aveo Iron Man Edition”.<ref name="www.windingroad.com">{{Cite web|url=http://news.windingroad.com/aftermarket/shanghai-auto-show-chevrolet-aveo-iron-man-edition/| title=Shanghai Auto Show: Chevrolet Aveo “Iron Man Edition”| work= www.Windingroad.com}}</ref><ref name="www.automotto.org">{{Cite web|url=http://www.automotto.org/entry/chevrolet-aveo-in-shanghai-whats-in-the-name/| title=Chevrolet Aveo in Shanghai, What's in the Name!| work= www.Automotto.org}}</ref><ref name="www.Jalopnik.com">{{Cite web|url=http://jalopnik.com/cars/concept-cars/beijing-bowtie-tricked-out-aveo-at-china-show-216372.php| title=Beijing Bowtie: Tricked out Aveo at China Show| work= www.Jalopnik.com}}</ref>


This engine was used in the following cars:
==Second generation (T250)==
*1975-1976 [[Chevrolet Monza]]
{{Infobox Automobile generation
*1975 [[Chevrolet Nova]]
|name = T250
|image = [[Image:Aveo.jpg|250px|T250 Chevrolet Aveo sedan (Thailand)]]
|production = 2006-present
|aka = Chevrolet Aveo<br />Chevrolet Lova<br />Daewoo Gentra X<br />[[Holden Barina]] (TK)<br />Pontiac G3<br />Pontiac Wave<br>Pontiac G3 Wave<br>Suzuki Swift+
|platform = [[GM T platform|T250]]
|fuel_capacity = {{Convert|45|L|usgal impgal|1|abbr=on}}
|engine = {{Auto L|1.2}}, {{Auto L|1.4}}, {{Auto L|1.5}}, {{Auto L|1.6}} [[Straight-4|I4]]
|wheelbase = {{auto mm|2480}}
|assembly = [[Bupyeong-gu|Bupyong]], [[South Korea]]<br>[[Warsaw]], [[Poland]]<br>[[Zaporizhia]], [[Ukraine]]<br>[[Bogota]], [[Colombia]]<br>[[Shanghai]], [[People's Republic of China|China]]<br>[[San Luis Potosí]], [[Mexico]] ([[San Luis Potosí Assembly]])
|length = Sedan: {{auto mm|4310}}<br />Hatchback: {{Auto in|155.0|0}}<br>G3 Wave Hatchback: {{Auto in|154.3|0}}<bR>Swift+: {{Auto in|155.1|0}}
|width = Sedan: {{auto mm|1710}}<Br />Hatchback: {{Auto in|66.1|0}}<bR>Swift+: {{Auto in|65.7|0}}
|height = Sedan: {{auto mm|1495}}<br />Hatchback: {{Auto in|59.3|0}}
}}


===267===
GM introduced a revised sedan at [[Auto Shanghai|Auto Shanghai 2005]], designed in cooperation with [[PATAC]]. Bearing the internal code '''T250''' and sold in South Korea as Daewoo '''Gentra''', the revision comprised primarily interior and exterior styling changes, a new interior [[dashboard|IP (instrument panel)]] and minor equipment changes, including increased sound deadening.<ref name="www.topspeed.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.topspeed.com/cars/chevrolet/2007-chevrolet-aveo-ar12542.html|title=Topspeed: 2007 Chevrolet Aveo}}</ref> Incorporation of the radio antenna into the rear glass and extensive wind tunnel testing helped reduce the coefficient of drag from 0.348 to 0.326.<ref name="www.topspeed.com"/>
The '''267''' was introduced in 1979 for GM F-Body(Camaro), G-bodies (Chevrolet Monte Carlo, El Camino, and Malibu Classic) and also used on GM B-body cars (Impala and Caprice models). The {{Auto CID|267}} had the 350's crankshaft stroke of 3.48" and the smallest bore of any small-block, 3.500 in. The 3.500" bore was also used on the [[Chevrolet_90-Degree_V6_engine#3.3L_.28200_CID.29|{{Auto CID|200}} V6]], which was introduced a year earlier. (The 200 was a Chevrolet V6 engine based on the small block with the #3 and #6 cylinders removed). 


It was available with a Rochester Dualjet 210 - effectively a Rochester Quadrajet with no rear barrels. After 1980, electronic feedback carburetion was used on the 267.
A restyled hatchback with the sedan's updated [[dashboard|IP (instrument panel)]] was presented as the Chevrolet Aveo during the [[Frankfurt Motor Show|Frankfurt Motor Show 2007]], to be marketed in Europe and North America. The Korean market received its own distinct restyle of the hatchback, the '''Gentra X'''.


While similar in displacement to the other 4.3-4.4 L V8 engines produced by General Motors (including the [[Oldsmobile V8 engine#260|Oldsmobile 260]] and [[Pontiac V8 engine#265|Pontiac 265]], the small bore 267 shared no parts with the other engines and was phased out after the 1982 model year due to inability to conform to emission standards. Chevrolet vehicles eventually used the {{Auto CID|305}} as its base V8 engine.
Later iterations, including the Kalos, Aveo, Barina and Gentra sedans, the Gentra X hatchback and the 2007 "Frankfurt Show" hatchbacks were styled in-house and with the assistance of [[PATAC]] -- and depart notably from the original Giugiaro exterior and interior styling designs.


===305===
With launching Gentra X in South Korea, GMDAT had replaced engines of T250. 1.2&nbsp;L S-TEC II engine had updated with features such as double overhead camshaft (DOHC) and timing chain (older version has timing chain) system. 1.6&nbsp;L E-TEC II engine had replaced with ECOTEC (GEN-III) engine with new features such as variable valve timing mechanism.
The '''305''' variant of the small-block Chevrolet had a displacement of {{Auto CID|305}} with a 3.736-inch (95 mm) bore and 3.48-inch (88.4 mm) stroke. The 262 was considered underpowered for use in vehicles with a wheelbase greater than 110 inches, so GM engineers decided to increase the bore diameter from {{convert|3.671|to(-)|3.736|in|mm|1}} and increase the stroke from {{convert|3.10|to(-)|3.48|in|mm|1}} (from the 350). Some performance enthusiasts have noted a marked resistance to performance upgrades on the 305 because of its small bore, poor selection of aftermarket cylinder heads, and the relatively high availability of {{Auto CID|350}} engines.


Induction systems for the 305 included carburetors (both 2 and 4-barrel), throttle-body injection (TBI), tuned-port fuel injection (TPI), and sequential fuel injection (GM Vortec).  
===Safety===
The American '''[[Insurance Institute for Highway Safety]]''' (IIHS) gave the Aveo an ''Acceptable'' overall rating in the  frontal offset crash test<ref>http://www.iihs.org/ratings/rating.aspx?id=742</ref> and overall ''Marginal'' rating in the side impact crash test.<ref>http://www.iihs.org/ratings/rating.aspx?id=711</ref>


After 1996, its usage was limited to light trucks and SUVs as the [[GM Vortec engine#5000|Vortec 5000]].  
The T250 model has been tested by the '''[[Euro NCAP|European New Car Assessment Program]]''' (Euro NCAP)<ref>[http://www.euroncap.com/tests/chevrolet_aveo_2006/250.aspx EuroNCAP crash test results for the 2006 Chevrolet Aveo]</ref>:
* Adult Occupant: {{rating|2|5}}, score 3, with a struck out star due to (EuroNCAP words) ''"an unacceptably high risk of life-threatening injury"''.
* Child Occupant: {{rating|4|5}}, score 39
* Pedestrian: {{rating|3|4}}, score 19


{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border:3px solid #87CEEB;"
The '''[[National Highway Traffic Safety Administration]]'s''' (www.safercar.gov) ratings:
!Year
* Passenger: {{rating|5|5}}
!hp (kW)
* Driver: {{rating|5|5}}
!lb·ft (N·m)
* Side Impact Front: {{rating|4|5}}
|-
* Side Impact Rear: {{rating|4|5}}
|1976
* Rollover Rating: {{rating|4|5}}
|140
|250
|w/2bbl.
|-
|1977
|145
|245
|w/2bbl.
|-
|1978
|140
|240
|w/2bbl.
|-
|1978
|160
|235
|w/4bbl.
|-
|1979
|130
|245
|w/2bbl.
|-
|1979†
|125
|235
|w/2bbl.
|-
|1980
|155
|240
|w/4bbl.
|-
|1981
|150
|240
|w/4bbl
|}


†  California Emissions
US Aveo safety features include available four-channel, four-sensor ABS system with electronic brake force distribution (EBD), and front (dual-stage) and side air bags for front row occupants with a passenger-sensing system. Beginning with 2008, Aveo standard equipment includes a tire pressure monitoring system.


The 305 was used in the following cars:
==Next Generation==
*1977-1993 [[Chevrolet Caprice]] (includes Impala)
Edmunds reported the next-generation Aveo is due in mid-to-late 2010 as 2011 model. The car would use the Gamma 2 global subcompact platform, which would also power next-generation [[Opel Corsa]] and [[Chevrolet Beat]].<ref>[http://www.edmunds.com/insideline/do/News/articleId=130072 IL Insider: Pontiac Says No G3 for the States - Yet]</ref> It is believed{{who}} that the new model is the same as the Viva project, a premium subcompact car to be released in 2009 for the South American markets and face models such as the Citroën C3, Fiat Punto, Honda City and Toyota Yaris.<ref>[http://argentinaautoblog.blogspot.com/2008/09/chevrolet-lova-est-viva-asoma.html El próximo Chevrolet: Lova está, ¿Viva asoma?] - Argentina Auto Blog (in Spanish)</ref>
*1977-1986 [[Pontiac Parisienne]]
*1976-1979 [[Chevrolet Monza]]
*1976-1979 [[Chevrolet Nova]] (also GM X-body clones after 1976)
*1976-1992 [[Chevrolet Camaro]]
*1976-1988 [[Chevrolet Malibu]], [[Chevrolet El Camino]], and [[Chevrolet Monte Carlo]]
*1978-1992 [[Pontiac Firebird]]
*1978-1980 [[Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (US Market only, Canadian market 1978-1987)
*1991-1992 [[Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser]]
*1981-1987 [[Pontiac Grand Prix]]
*1975-1979 [[Buick Skylark]]
*1977-2003 Chevrolet/GMC Trucks, SUVs, Vans
*1991-1992 [[Cadillac Brougham]]
*1978-1987 [[Buick Regal]]


====LG3====
== Awards ==
Years:1976-1980
* 'Best Car for the Bucks' from forbes.com<ref name="www.wheelspeak.indiautomobile.com">{{Cite web|url=http://wheelspeak.indiaautomobile.com/?p=7|title=Market and model -- Chevy gets better&nbsp;— Aveo U-VA}}</ref>
* 'Inter-American Car of the Year,' Inter-American Federation of Automotive Journalists<ref name="www.wheelspeak.indiautomobile.com"/>
* 'Most Well-Received Small Car,' News Express and Sino Trust<ref name="www.wheelspeak.indiautomobile.com"/>
* 'Most Influential Car of the Year,' China Mainstream Media Association<ref name="www.wheelspeak.indiautomobile.com"/>
* ‘Car of the Year-2006,' Business Standard Motoring<ref name="www.wheelspeak.indiautomobile.com"/>
* NDTV Profit Car India Awards 2007,Small Car of the Year, Chevrolet Aveo U-VA, NDTV Profit, India's leading business news channel, in association with Car India and Bike India.
* The Aveo sedans and Aveo5 placed 12th and 8th respectively in [[Consumer Reports]] 2007 Least satisfying Cars, with 44% of owners expressing inclined to buy again.<ref name="consumerist.com">{{Cite web|url=http://consumerist.com/consumer/cars/12-least-satisfying-cars-of-2007-329476.php|title=12 Least Satisfying Cars}}</ref>
*The Kalos won, twice consecutively (2003 and 2004), the Korea Design Power Index (KDPI) conducted by the Korean Management Association (KMA) and deriving from interviews and an internet polling of 20,000 consumers in Korea's six largest cities.


Dualjet 2 bbl carb version with 8.5:1 compression.
== Global marketing and manufacture ==
=== South Korea ===
The T200 was sold as '''Daewoo Kalos'''; the hatchback named 'Kalos V' and the sedan 'Kalos S.' Daewoo began selling the T250 sedan in September 2005 as the '''Daewoo Gentra''', replacing Kalos S. "Gentra" is derived from the English word "gentleman" and "transport(ation)".The tagline in the advertising campaign introducing the Gentra in Korea was "Are you gentle?", and the campaign starred [[Daniel Henny]]. In October 2007, the Kalos hatchback adopted the T250 underpinnings and was renamed '''Gentra X'''.


====LG4====
=== North America ===
Years: 1980-1987
[[Image:04-06 Chevrolet Aveo Sedan.jpg|thumb|right|'''T200''' Chevrolet Aveo sedan (US)]]
[[Image:Chevrolet-Aveo-hatch-rear.jpg|thumb|right|'''T200''' Chevrolet Aveo LS hatchback (US, 2004-2006)]]


The '''LG4''' was the "low output" {{Auto CID|305}} (compared to the L69). It produced {{Convert|150|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}-{{Convert|170|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|240}}-{{Auto lbft|250}}. The addition of a knock sensor for the engine management system in 1985 allowed an increase in compression and a more aggressive spark timing map in the ECM. As a result power increased for the 1985 models to {{Convert|165|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} from the {{Convert|150|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} rating in 1984.
The T200 models were introduced to the US and Canada 2004 models at the 2003 (February) [[Chicago Auto Show]] as the '''Chevrolet Aveo'''. The US 5-door and 4-door models went on sale in November 2003,<ref name="USAtoday">{{Cite web|url=http://www.usatoday.com/money/autos/2006-01-08-detroit-usat_x.htm|title=Move over gas guzzlers, small cars are coming }}</ref> and as reported by the [[Boston Globe]] in November 2006, "the Aveo (was) the largest-selling subcompact in the United States".<ref>{{cite web | url= http://www.boston.com/cars/news/articles/2006/11/19/market_for_subcompact_cars_grows_as_styling_features_safety_improve/| title= Market for subcompact cars grows as styling, features, safety improve| work= The Boston Globe }}</ref>


====L69====
The T250 sedan debuted in January 2006 as the 2007 Chevrolet Aveo at the [[Greater Los Angeles Auto Show]]. Sales commenced in North America in August 2006.
Years: 1983-1986


The '''L69''' was the last true H.O. engine. The '''H'''igh '''O'''utput {{Auto Lrev|305}}, featuring higher compression of 9.5:1 with heads of the to-be-discontinued '''LU5''' ''Cross-Fire'' [[fuel injection]] engine, and utilizing camshaft and 4" catalytic converter of the {{Auto Lrev|350}} [[Chevrolet Small-Block engine#L83|L83]] which was used on the Corvette of 1982 and 1984. Complete with a 2.75 inch exhaust system, topped by a recalibrated 4-barrel carburetor, dual snorkel air cleaner assembly, aluminum intake manifold, aluminum flywheel, electric cooling fan, and furthermore a knock sensor including more aggressive spark timing, this engine produced {{Convert|190|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} @ 4800 and {{Auto lbft|240}} of torque @ 3200 rpm. In most cases, being mated to a 3.73 or 3:42 ratio limited slip rear axle and a T5 5-speed or 700R4 automatic, this engine provided its driver with a wide range of rpm to play in.
The Aveo 5-door hatchback has been marketed as the "Aveo5" in Canada since its inception and in the US beginning with model year 2007. The models are sold as '''Pontiac Wave''' (4-door and 5-door, since the 2005 model year) and '''Suzuki Swift+''' (5-door) in Canada. The T200 Wave sedan was replaced for the 2007 model year with the T250, coinciding with the release of the 2007 T250 Aveo. For the 2009 model year, Pontiac Wave was renamed to '''Pontiac G3 Wave''' in Canada.  In the United States, Pontiac will sell the 5-door hatchback as the '''Pontiac G3''' starting in the spring of 2009.<ref>[http://www.edmunds.com/insideline/do/News/articleId=131987 Unveiled: 2009 Pontiac G3 ]</ref>


====LE9====
<gallery>Image:'07-'08 Pontiac Wave Hatchback.JPG|'''T200''' Pontiac Wave hatchback (Canada)
Years: 1981-1986
Image:'08 Suzuki Swift+ (Montreal).jpg|'''T200''' Suzuki Swift+ (Canada, 2008)</gallery>


The LE9 {{Auto Lrev|305}} was the truck/van version of the High Output 305. It also had flattop pistons for a 9.5:1 compression ratio, the "929" truck 350 camshaft for more torque, 14022601 casting heads featuring 1.84/1.50" valves and 58 cc chambers, a specially calibrated 4bbl Q-Jet, the hybrid centrifugal/vacuum advance distributor with ESC knock sensor setup, and lower restriction exhaust. The engine made {{Convert|210|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} @ 4,600 and {{Auto lbft|250}} @ 2,000 rpm.
==== US model year changes ====


====L03====
'''2005:''' Sidemarker lights change from orange to clear.


Years: 1987-95
'''2006:''' Rear Spoiler changes from "hugger" style to pedestal style spoiler with several inches of clearance from body.


The '''L03''' was the "low output" {{Auto Lrev|305}} (compared to the 305 TPI '''LB9'''). It produced {{Convert|170|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|255}} of torque ({{Convert|190|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 4,400&nbsp;rpm and {{Auto lbft|275}} at 2,400 in 1993-1995 GM trucks). This engine used [[Electronic fuel injection|throttle-body fuel injection]]. The TBI uses a unique injector firing scheme: for every rotation of the engine, each injector fired twice.
'''2007:''' Sedans were redesigned. Deleted: 4-door SVM equipment group, Aveo5 LT model. New Features: 6-disc in-dash CD player and MP3 playback audio system, restyled 4-Door Model, new neutral interior in clot and leatherette, steering wheel mounted audio controls, aux input jacks on all 4-door and LS radios, sedan instrument panel and door accents in wood appearance, metallic grain appearance or silver appearance trim on LS and LT models, manual lumbar adjuster on driver seat, driver seat armrest, back glass antenna on 4-door models. Changes: power outside mirrors now on both driver and passenger, Aveo 5-Door models are called Aveo5. Available Spring Edition in Maui Blue (metallic), with alloy wheels, power windows, power moonroof, upgraded stereo with auxiliary input, keyless remote access, power door locks, foglamps and interior silver accents.
<gallery>Image:2nd Chevrolet Aveo sedan.jpg|'''T250''' Chevrolet Aveo LS sedan (US)
Image:'07 Pontiac Wave Sedan.JPG|'''T250''' 2007-2008 Pontiac Wave sedan (Canada)</gallery>


====LB9====
'''2009:''' Hatchbacks were redesigned. T250 2008.5 Aveo and sedan, '''Deleted:''' 15" 5-spoke aluminum wheels, E-TEC II 1.6L engine,  Carbon fiber appearance accents.  '''New:''' new exterior and interior design, Charcoal Perforated Leatherette seating surfaces,  OnStar and standard on all models, available [[XM Satellite Radio]], available Leather-wrapped steering wheel wand shift knob are now included with perforated leatherette seating surface option, Driver Information Center with outside temperature display and fuel economy/driving range function, new 15" 5-spoke aluminum wheels, GM Oil Life Monitoring System , ECOTEC 1.6L [[Overhead camshaft#Double overhead camshaft|DOHC]] 16-valve [[Straight-4|4-cylinder]] MFI engine with Variable Valve Timing and Dual Continuous Variable Cam Phasing (107 hp @ 6400 rpm, {{convert|106|ft.lbf|N.m|abbr=on}} of torque @ 3800 rpm), 5-speed [[manual transmission]] to include shift indicator light.  '''Changes:''' New good-better-best packaging strategy labeled as 1LS, 1LT and 2LT. Power Package called Power and Convenience Package,  aux input included on all radios, front wipers variable intermittent, front doors, driver and front passenger seatback map pockets on all models,  Alternator 95 amps.  Deletions, Additions and Changes per GM's public online order guide.
Years: 1985-1992
<gallery>Image:2009 Chevrolet Aveo5 front DC.JPG|'''T250''' Chevrolet Aveo5 (US, 2009)
Image:'09 Pontiac G3 Wave Hatchback Olympic Edition.JPG|'''T250''' Pontiac G3 Wave hatchback Olympic Edition (Canada, 2009)</gallery>


Introduced in 1985, the '''LB9''' was the first Chevrolet small block to have tuned-port fuel injection (TPI). It was introduced with {{Convert|215|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|275}} and varied between {{Convert|190|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}-{{Convert|230|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} (with {{Auto lbft|275}}-{{Auto lbft|300}} of torque) over the years offered. It was an option on all 1985-1992 [[Chevrolet Camaro]] & [[Pontiac Firebird]] models.
==== Fuel economy ====
1.6 L E-TEC II engine used in the 2004-2008 models were criticized for being "un fuel efficient" for an economy car. It delivered the least horsepower (103hp) from the sub-compact group and the worst fuel economy. Ratings were 32/48MPG(8.9/5.9L/100km) for city/highway while compared to its major competitors that delivered better horsepower and fuel economy like the Toyota Yaris with 106hp 40/51MPG (7.0/5.5L/100km), Hyundai Accent/ Kia Rio with 110hp at 38/46MPG (7.4/ 6.2L/ 100km),Nissan Versa with 122hp with 36/45MPG (7.9/ 6.3L/ 100km), and Honda fit with 109hp 40/50MPG (7.1/5.7L/100km).


==350==
The 2009 107hp ECOTEC VVT engine improves fuel economy numbers making it more competitive for the market at 36/50 MPG (7.9/ 5.7L/ 100km)


{{distinguish|Buick V8 engine|Oldsmobile V8 engine|Pontiac V8 engine}}
-''fuel economy numbers are based on Canadian Energuide ratings''


The first generation of Chevrolet small-blocks began with the 1955 Chevrolet {{Auto CID|265}} V8. But it was the {{Auto CID|350}} series that came to be emblematic of the Chevrolet small block V8 engine. The engine's physical dimensions ([[oversquare]] 4.00-inch bore and 3.48-inch stroke, 102 mm by 88 mm) are nearly identical to the {{Convert|436|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} LS3 engine of today, but much has changed. It is by far the most widely used Chevrolet small-block; it has been installed in everything from station wagons to sports cars, in commercial vehicles, and even in boats and (in highly modified form) airplanes.
==== US stop delivery order ====
In February 2004 GM issued a "stop delivery" order, to investigate five accidents that occurred in a tight time frame just as the Aveo was introduced to the US market. The order was lifted shortly thereafter, after an investigation revealed no connection among the accidents.<ref name="www.theautochannel.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2004/02/19/181273.html|title=GM Investigates New Aveo Crashes}}</ref>


First usage of the 350 was in the 1967 [[Chevrolet Camaro]] and 1968 [[Chevrolet Nova|Nova]] producing 295 horsepower (gross); other Chevrolet vehicle lines followed suit in the year 1969.  
==== US marketing ====
The Aveo was introduced for its market debut in a 60 second television advertisement[http://youtube.com/watch?v=_UTMDcS-on8] that first appeared on New Year's Eve 2003, created by the firm of [[Campbell-Ewald]], directed by [[Michael Bay]] <ref name="adweek.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.adweek.com/aw/search/search_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=2061066|title=Critique: An American Evolution}}</ref> and featuring the song [[Magic Carpet Ride]] by [[Steppenwolf (band)|Steppenwolf]].  The advertisement was titled [[An American Revolution|"An American Revolution, Car Carrier"]] and featured six yet to be introduced cars and trucks boarding a car carrier as it traversed the United States. It featured the Aveo descending the Twin Peaks of San Francisco and making an airborne leap highly reminiscent of Steve McQueen's [[Ford Mustang]] in the movie [[Bullitt]], before boarding the car carrier.


The GM Goodwrench 350 crate engine comes in several variations. The lowest priced uses the pre-1986 four-bolt casting molds with two dipstick locations; pre-1980 on the driver's side and post-1980 on the passenger's side. This engine was produced in Mexico since 1981 as the Targetmaster 350, and now the GM Goodwrench 350.{{Facts|date=September 2008}}
Two other fifteen second TV ads also created by the firm of Campbell-Ewald <ref name="adweek.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.adweek.com/aw/creative/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=2081264|title=Campbell-Ewald Puts Chevy Back in the Game }}</ref>, spotlighted the Aveo: "Pachyderm" showing an elephant, chased down a city street by an Aveo and "Big Little," in which four basketball players who enter the car appear tiny in big seats, highlighting the vehicle's interior volume.


===ZQ3===
==== Mexico ====
Years: 1969, 1970, 1972-1975
In Mexico, the T200 is not sold, but the T250 sedan is sold as '''Pontiac G3''' and '''Chevrolet Aveo'''. The [[Automotive News]] reported in October 2007 that GM would begin producing the Aveo model at the new [[San Luis Potosí Assembly]] plant in Mexico ({{convert|400|km|mi|abbr=on|disp=s}} northwest of México City) when the plant is complete in June 2009.<ref name="autonews.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.thegmsource.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=1287|title=GM to produce Aveo at new Mexican plant, Stephen Downer, Automotive News}}</ref>  Production of the Aveo commenced in August 2008.<ref name="automotiveworld.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.automotiveworld.com/WAM/content.asp?contentid=70156 | title=Mexico: GM builds first Chevrolet Aveo at new San Luis Potosi plant, Glenn Brooks, Automotive World}}</ref>


The '''ZQ3''' was the standard engine in the 1969-1970 [[Chevrolet Corvette]]. It was a {{Convert|300|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} version of the {{Auto CID|350}} small-block, with 10.25:1 compression and hydraulic lifters. It used a Rochester "4MV" Quadra-Jet 4-barrel carburetor. This was the first block produced that featured the larger 2.45 inch main bearing versus the older 2.30 inch main bearing in 1968/1969.
=== Central and South America ===
The T200 is sold as '''Chevrolet Aveo''' in Ecuador (3-door), Peru (3-door and 5-door), Venezuela, Colombia and Chile (all body styles). The T250 is sold as '''Chevrolet Aveo''' in Peru (4-door). A taxi version of the T200 sedan is available in [[Ecuador]].


The 1969 ZQ3 produced {{Convert|200|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|300}} with 8.5:1 compression, dropping another {{Convert|10|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} in 1973. 1975 saw the ZQ3 at {{Convert|165|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|255}}.
=== Western Europe ===
[[Image:Chevrolet Aveo Dreitürer Polysilver.JPG|thumb|right|'''T250''' Chevrolet Aveo 3-door]]
Until the end of 2004, the T200 was sold as '''Daewoo Kalos'''. In early 2005, the Chevrolet brand replaced the Daewoo brand and the Kalos was [[Badge engineering|rebadged]] the '''Chevrolet Kalos''', coinciding with the introduction of the 3-door. The new T250 sedan is marketed as the '''Chevrolet Aveo''', replacing the Kalos sedan in 2006. A revised hatchback was introduced in the 2007 [[Frankfurt Motor Show]], to go on sale in early 2008 as the Aveo -- replacing the Kalos.


===L46===
=== Central and Eastern Europe ===
Years: 1969, 1970
The T200 was sold as '''Chevrolet Aveo''' from its introduction in 2003. The T250 has replaced the T200 sedan in 2006, retaining the same name. Versions sold in this region had 1.4&nbsp;L engines, and were available as both five-door hatchback and four-door sedan.


The '''L46''' was an optional engine on the 1969-1970 [[Chevrolet Corvette]]. It was a {{Convert|349|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}, {{Auto lbft|380}} version of the ZQ3 with higher 11:1 compression.
It was announced in November 2007 that [[Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych|FSO]] in [[Warsaw]], Poland, would begin assembling the Aveo under a [[joint venture]] between GM and FSO's owner, the [[Ukraine|Ukrainian]] company [[Ukrainian Automobile Corporation|UkrAVTO]]. GM plans to produce 70,000 Aveos at FSO during 2008, with production rising to 100,000 in 2009. <ref name=http://rawstory.com">{{Cite web|url=http://rawstory.com/news/afp/In_EU_first_GM_launches_Chevrolet_p_11062007.html|title=In EU first, GM launches Chevrolet production in Poland }}</ref>


===LT-1===
=== Australia and New Zealand ===
[[Image:1970ChevroletCamaroZ28-engine.jpg|thumb|right|200px|LT-1 from a 1970 [[Chevrolet Camaro]] Z28]]
[[Image:2005-2007 Holden TK Barina 5 Door Hatch.jpg|thumb|right|'''T200''' Holden Barina, New Zealand]]
Years: 1970-1972


The '''LT-1''' was the ultimate {{Auto CID|350}} V8, becoming available in 1970. It used solid lifters, 11:1 compression, a high-performance camshaft, and a Holley four-barrel carburetor on a special aluminum intake to produce {{Convert|370|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|380}}. It was available on the [[Chevrolet Corvette|Corvette]] and [[Chevrolet Camaro|Camaro Z28]]. Power was down in 1971 to {{Convert|330|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|360}} with 9:1 compression, and again in 1972 (the last year of the LT-1, now rated using net, rather than gross, measurement) to {{Convert|255|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|280}}.
The T200 model was available as the '''Daewoo Kalos''' before Daewoo's Australian operations ceased at the end of 2004 and was absent from the Australian market until re-introduced in December 2005 as the TK [[Holden Barina]] (3-door and 5-door). The TK Barina replaced the previous [[Holden Barina|XC Barina]], which was an imported and rebadged European [[Opel Corsa]]. The T250 sedan was introduced in February 2006, and both the T200 and T250 models are sold together as the Barina lineup. The switch from the Opel-sourced Corsa was criticized, given the Kalos' lower [[Australasian New Car Assessment Program|ANCAP]] safety performance. The T250 hatchback, both 3-door and 5-door, was introduced in August 2008.


There was also a later small-block engine called the "[[GM LT engine#LT1|LT1]]".
=== Other markets ===
'''Indonesia:''' The T200 is sold as '''Chevrolet Aveo''' in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines, as well as South Africa and China (5-door and 4-door).


===L48===
'''China''' The T250 sedan is sold as '''Chevrolet Lova''' in China.
Years: 1967-1980


The '''L-48''' is the original {{Auto CID|350}}, available only in the Camaro or Chevy II/Nova in '67 & '68. In '69 it was used in almost everything; Camaros, Corvettes, Impalas, Chevelles & Novas. From '75-'80 it was available only in the Corvette. L-48's use a Hyd Cam, 4bbl Qjet, Cast pistons, 2 bolt main caps, "Pink" Rods, #0014 Blocks & #993 heads. Power output ranges from 300HP(gross) down to 175HP(net).
'''India''' The T250 was launched in India in 2006 as '''Chevrolet Aveo''' along with the slogan "An Indian Revolution", referencing Chevrolet's [[An American Revolution]] ad campaign. The T200 hatchback has been sold in India since December 2006 as the Chevrolet Aveo U-VA. A taxi called Chevytaxi is based on the T200 sedan.


The '''L48''' was the standard engine in the 1971 [[Chevrolet Corvette]]. It produced {{Convert|270|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|360}} with an 8.5:1 compression ratio.
=== Assembly plants ===
Most Kalos/Aveos are assembled in the [[Bupyeong-gu|Bupyong]] plant in South Korea. In [[Ukraine]], [[Russia]] and [[Venezuela]], local versions of the Aveo are assembled from [[complete knock down]] kits. For the Chinese market, Aveos and Lovas are manufactured by [[Shanghai GM]]&nbsp;Dongyue. In India, Aveos are assembled from Halol Plant. Also in [[Egypt]] GM assembly plant started in August 2007 producing the Aveo locally in three variants.


The 1976-1979 L48 was the standard Corvette engine and produced {{Convert|180|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|270}}. The 1980 L48 stood at {{Convert|190|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|280}} from 8.2:1 compression.
Beginning in August 2008, Chevrolet Aveos are also produced at the new General Motors San Luis Potosí plant located in Mexico.<ref name="automotiveworld.com"/>


In 1972 the only way to get a L48 (4bbl V8) in a Chevy Nova was to get the Super Sport Package. This is indicated by the 5th digit in the VIN being a "K". 1972 was the only year you could verify the Super Sport package by the VIN.
== References ==
{{reflist|2}}


In 1973 the "L-48" had cold air induction (throttle activated) and developed {{Convert|190|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} (net). Beginning in 1974 the hp was reduced for several years until it reached a low of {{Convert|165|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} (net) in 1975, before rising again.
== External links ==


===L82===
*[http://www.chevrolet.com/aveo/ Chevrolet Aveo United States official site]
Years: 1973-1980
*[http://www.gmcanada.com/english/vehicles/chevrolet/aveo/index.jsp Chevrolet Aveo Canada official site]
*[http://www.g3.com.mx/ Pontiac G3 Mexico official site]
*[http://www.gm.co.in/content_data/AP/IN/en/GBPIN/001/BRANDSITE/aveosedan.html Chevrolet Aveo India official site]
*[http://www.holden.com.au/www-holden/action/vehicleentry?vehicleid=1 Holden Barina Australia official site]
*[http://www.aveoclub.net/ Aveoclub.net enthusiast's site]
*[http://www.newcarzoom.com/2008/chevrolet/aveo.htm An automotive journalist's review of the 2008 Aveo]


The 1973-1974 '''L82''' was a "performance" version of the 350 producing {{Convert|250|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|285}} from 9:1 compression. It was down to {{Convert|205|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|255}} for 1975. It was the optional engine again in 1976-1977, producing {{Convert|5|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} more. The 1978 L82 recovered somewhat, producing {{Convert|220|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|260}}, and then {{Convert|5|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|10}} more for 1979. 1980 saw yet another {{Convert|10|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|15}}.
{{GM Daewoo timeline}}


===L81===
[[Category:Daewoo vehicles|Kalos]]
Years: 1981
[[Category:Front wheel drive vehicles]]
 
[[Category:Subcompact cars]]
The '''L81''' was the only {{Auto Lrev|350}} Corvette engine for 1981. It produced {{Convert|190|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|280}} from 8.2:1 compression, exactly the same as the 1980 L48, but added computer control spark advance, replacing the vacuum advance.
[[Category:Sedans]]
 
[[Category:Hatchbacks]]
===L83===
[[Category:2000s automobiles]]
Years: 1982, 1984
[[Category:Vehicles introduced in 2002]]
 
The 1982 '''L83''' was again the only Corvette engine (and only available with an automatic transmission) producing {{Convert|200|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|285}} from 9:1 compression. This was again the only engine on the new 1984 Vette, at {{Convert|205|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|290}}. The L83 added ''Cross-Fire'' [[fuel injection]] (twin throttle-body fuel injection). Since GM did not assign a 1983 model year to production Corvettes, there was also no L83 for 1983.
 
===L98===<!-- This section is linked from [[Chevrolet Corvette]] -->
:''For the new Generation IV V8, see [[GM LS engine#L98|GM L98]].''
 
Years: 1985-1992
 
The new 1985 '''L98''' added tuned-port fuel injection "TPI", which produced {{Convert|230|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|330}}. It was standard on all 1985-1991 Corvettes (rated at {{Convert|230|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}-{{Convert|250|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|330}}-{{Auto lbft|350}}). Optional on 87-92 [[Chevrolet Camaro]] & [[Pontiac Firebird]] models (rated at {{Convert|225|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}-{{Convert|245|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|330}}-{{Auto lbft|345}})
1987 versions had {{Convert|10|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} and {{Auto lbft|15}} more thanks to 9.5:1 compression. Compression was up again in 1991 to 10:1 but output stayed the same.
 
===LM1===
The LM1 is the base {{Auto Lrev|350}} with a 4-barrel carburetor (usually with a Rochester Quadrajet) in passenger cars until 1988. Throughout its lifespan, it received either a points, electronic, and/or computer-controlled spark system, to conventional and feedback carburetors.
 
LM1s were superseded with the LO5 powerplant after 1988.
 
===L05===
The L05 was introduced in 1987 for use in Chevrolet/GMC trucks in both the GMT400 (introduced in April 1987 as 1988 models) and the R/V series trucks such as the K5 Blazer, Suburban, and rounded-era pickups formerly classed as the C/K until 1996 which includes chassis cabs and 4-door crew cabs. Although usage was for trucks, vans, and 9C1-optioned Caprices, the L05 was also used with the following vehicles:
 
*1992/1993 [[Buick Roadmaster]] sedan and station wagon
*1991/1992 [[Cadillac Brougham]] (optional engine)
*1993 [[Cadillac Fleetwood]]
*1992/1993 [[Chevrolet Caprice]] Wagon (optional engine)
*1993 [[Chevrolet Caprice]] LTZ
*1992 [[Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser]] Wagon (optional engine)
 
L05 usage was replaced by the [[GM LT1]] after 1993 in [[GM B platform|GM B-Bodies]] until production ceased in 1996.
 
In mid 1996 the L05 was equipped with Vortec heads used in the 1996 G30.
 
===L31===
The L31 replaced the LO5 in 1996 - known as the [[GM Vortec engine#5700|Vortec 5700]]. Known as the GEN 1+, this was the final incarnation of the 1955-vintage small block, ending production in 2005 with the last vehicle being a Kodiak/Topkick HD truck. Volvo Penta and Mercury Marine still produces the L31. The "MARINE" intake is a potential upgrade for L31 trucks.
 
==See also==
From the 1950s through the 1970s, each GM division had its own V8 engine family. Many were shared among other divisions, but each design is most-closely associated with its own division:
*[[Buick V8 engine]]
*[[Cadillac V8 engine]]
*[[Chevrolet Big-Block engine]]
*[[Oldsmobile V8 engine]]
*[[Pontiac V8 engine]]
 
GM later standardized on the later generations of the Chevrolet design:
*[[GM LT engine]] - Generation II small-block
*[[GM LS engine]] - Generation III/IV small-block
*[[List of GM engines]]
 
==References==
*{{cite web|url=http://www.autoweek.com/news.cms?newsId=102594|title=Horsepower Nation: Chevrolet's small-block V8 celebrates its 50th birthday|work=AutoWeek|accessmonthday=June 15 |accessyear=2005}}
 
<references/>
 
[[Category:Chevrolet engines|Small-Block]]
 
[[it:Chevrolet Small-Block]]
[[sv:Chevrolet Small block]]

Latest revision as of 02:12, 4 February 2009

Daewoo Kalos
2004-2006 Chevrolet Aveo LT 5-door (US)
ManufacturerGM Daewoo, FSO
Parent companyGeneral Motors
Also calledChevrolet Aveo
Holden Barina
Production2003-present
PredecessorDaewoo Lanos
Chevrolet Metro
Pontiac Firefly
Holden Barina (XC)
ClassSubcompact
Body style(s)3-door hatchback
5-door hatchback
4-door sedan
LayoutFF layout
Transmission(s)4-speed automatic
5-speed manual
ManualsService Manual

The Daewoo Kalos is a subcompact automobile manufactured by GM Daewoo (the South Korean subsidiary of General Motors) introduced in 2002 and marketed globally in 120 countries — prominently as the Chevrolet Aveo[1] (ah-VAY-o).[2]

Marketed worldwide under five GM brands and eleven different nameplates, the Kalos vehicles have evolved through two re-stylings in the car's first generation and have featured three body styles and five engine configurations — all built on a dedicated platform shared with no other vehicles. The two styling iterations are called T200 and T250 — deriving from the internal coding used by first Daewoo and then GM Daewoo during the car's development.

The nameplate "Kalos" derives from the Greek word kalos (καλός) for "beautiful".[3]

First generation (T200)

T200
T200 Chevrolet Aveo sedan (US)
Also calledChevrolet Aveo
Chevrolet Kalos
Holden Barina (TK)
Pontiac Wave
Suzuki Swift+
GM Daewoo Kalos
Production2002-2008
AssemblyBupyong, South Korea
Zaporizhia, Ukraine
Shanghai, China
Bogotá, Colombia
Quito, Ecuador
PlatformT200
Engine(s)1.2 L (≈73 cu in), 1.4 L (≈85 cu in), 1.5 L (≈92 cu in), 1.6 L (≈98 cu in) I4
Wheelbase2480 mm (97.6 in)
Length3880 mm (152.8 in) (hatch)
4235 mm (166.7 in) (sedan)
Width1670 mm (65.7 in)
Height1485 mm (58.5 in)
Fuel capacity45 L (11.9 US gal; 9.9 imp gal)
DesignerItaldesign Giugiaro

The original Daewoo Kalos was introduced in 2002, based on a then-new Daewoo platform named T200, replacing the Daewoo Lanos (T100). Under development before Daewoo's bankruptcy, the Kalos was the company's first new model introduction following its subsequent takeover by General Motors.[4] Manufacture of the Kalos began in early March, 2002 [4], with pre-production prototypes shown at the Geneva Auto Show in April 2002.

Conception

Originally designed by Italdesign Giugiaro, the Kalos derives directly from the Kalos Dream concept vehicle first presented at the 2000 Paris Motor Show and subsequent developmental concepts at the 2001 Frankfurt Motor Show, 2002 Geneva Auto Show, and 2003 at the Geneva Show. (Kalos Dream photos) During this three-year development period Daewoo was struggling financially, with the ultimate fate of the company and the concept vehicle remaining uncertain.

Upon introduction the initial European models carried an emblem reading "Design Giugiaro." Referring to his firm's design of the Kalos, Giorgetto Giugiaro said:

“ When we designed it, we set out to produce an alternative to conventional lines and tread new paths in terms of design. [5] ”

The T200 sedans and hatchbacks featured a swage line running along the lower body to the rear door, which kinks downward prominently on the hatchback. 5-door hatchbacks also feature a side window in the C/D pillar with a distinctively angled lower edge. Interiors feature a circular motif throughout. North American Chevrolet Aveo, Canadian Pontiac Wave and Suzuki Swift+ and Australian Holden Barina variants featured the same grille with slight differences; European versions and some Latin American versions featured a wider grille with larger slanted headlights.

Design development

Daewoo's now disbanded Worthing Technical Centre in the UK conducted the initial research and platform engineering, with Daewoo's main Technical Center in Bupyong, Incheon, South Korea completing the majority of the later development programme. Daewoo engineers refined the chassis in Britain, on the proving ground at Motor Industry Research Association near Nuneaton, UK.[5] Long-term testing covered nearly 2.2 million kilometers (1.4 million miles) with further testing outside South Korea on test sites in Arjeplog, Sweden; Granada and Idiada, Spain; Kapuskasing, Canada and Beijing, China.[6]

According to an April, 2003 GMDAT press release, Daewoo built 119 prototypes during the Kalos's design and development, crashing 31 for research and data-gathering purposes,[6] and manufacturing 39 pilot production vehicles to verify standards and quality.[6]

The body's sheet metal panel gaps were kept to 3 mm (0.1 in) and all but the roof panel were galvanized steel. 46% of the Kalos' underlying structural components were produced with high-strength steel, with tailor-welded blanks used in the production of the vehicle to put strength where needed while saving weight.

The front suspension used MacPherson struts with offset coil springs and a stabilizer bar, while the rear featured a semi-independent torsion beam axle.

Body and packaging

The Kalos was sold in three available body styles: a 4-door sedan and 5-door hatchback from the beginning of production in 2002, and a 3-door hatchback available in certain European markets beginning in 2005. All body styles meet North American subcompact and European supermini or B-segment size classifications.

All Kalos iterations featured high H-point seating within a relatively narrow, short and high-roofed body that combined a long wheelbase with short front (81 cm/32 in) and rear (49 cm/19 in, hatchback) overhangs to maximize the outward visibility, interior space and maneuverability relative to the vehicle's footprint. Rear seat H-points are higher in all body types, giving the car theatre seating.

Per the German Verband der Automobilindustrie standard, 5-door hatchbacks featured 175 litres (6.2 cu ft) of cargo space with the rear seats in their upright positions and 735 litres (26.0 cu ft) with the rear seats folded down, with a maximum payload rating of 495 kg (1091 lb).[6] Per U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ratings the 5-door hatchbacks featured cargo volume of 11.7 cubic feet (330 L) (rear seats up) to 42 cu ft (1,200 L) (rear seats down), with 7.1 cu ft (200 L) available in the sedan.

The interior volume was 102.7 L (3.63 cu ft) (5-door) and 107.4 L (3.79 cu ft) (sedan) according to the EPA, meeting the minimum criterion for a compact vehicle despite being marketed as a sub-compact. Headroom was unmatched in its class at the time of its introduction.[5]

The body featured a drag coefficient of 0.35, with a frontal area of 2.16 m2 (23.3 sq ft) giving aerodynamic resistance of 00.74 m2 (8.0 sq ft).[5]

Design features

  • The interior features Isofix child seat anchorages.
  • The T200 features a slot specifically for holding toll tickets in the instrument panel adjacent to the steering wheel.
  • The optional four-speed automatic has a “hold” feature that causes the four speed automatic to behave like a three speed manual: that is, it 'holds' the transmission in the gear which is selected. Useful for engine braking down long grades.
  • Kalos models and their variants are marketed as entry-level vehicles in various trim levels globally with options unusual at entry-level: including AM/FM/CD/MP3 audio, steering wheel mounted radio controls, power locks and windows, remote keyless entry, and heated sideview mirrors and power sunroof.
  • Common equipment includes tilt steering column, six-way adjustable driver seat, rear-window defroster, remote fuel door and a 60/40 split-bench folding rear seat. The instrument panel includes a tachometer, speedometer, odometer, trip odometer, fuel gauge, coolant temperature gauge and lighting dimmer control. The IP also has a center storage tray, lighter, extra 12-volt outlet, digital quartz clock and lighted glove box.

Safety

The Kalos models have been tested in at least four international New Car Assessment Programs, the results reflecting varying equipment and the differences in the tests themselves. Based on market priorities and price point control, some safety equipment is either unavailable or available only as extra-cost options (including side airbags, ABS, foglights and a rear center position three-point seatbelts and headrests.)

Korea: models received four stars for both driver and front-seat passenger in crash tests conducted by the Korean Automobile Test and Research Institute (KATRI).[6]

Europe: models received the following European New Car Assessment Program (Euro NCAP) ratings:

  • Adult Occupant: 3/5 starsStar full.svgStar full.svgStar empty.svgStar empty.svg, score 17
  • Child Occupant: 3/5 starsStar full.svgStar full.svgStar empty.svgStar empty.svg, score 26
  • Pedestrian: 2/4 starsStar full.svgStar empty.svgStar empty.svg, score 11

Australia: Holden Barina models received scored 2 stars (of 5) from Australasian New Car Assessment Program (ANCAP), a rating that is lower than the previous European-built, Opel-based Barina had scored,[6] and the lowest ANCAP rating since 2004.[6] Notably, the Australian Barina models do not feature the front-seat mounted side airbags offered in other markets (e.g., USA), nor are the ANCAP ratings directly comparable to the ratings of other NCAP programs.

Engines

S-TEC

  • 1.2 L (≈73 cu in) SOHC I4 - South Korea, Europe, India

E-TEC II

  • 1.4 L (≈85 cu in) SOHC I4 - Europe
  • 1.4 L (≈85 cu in) DOHC I4 - Europe, Ecuador, Colombia, Chile, India, Philippines
  • 1.5 L (≈92 cu in) SOHC I4 - South Korea, Europe, South Africa, Philippines
  • 1.6 L (≈98 cu in) SOHC I4 - Ukraine
  • 1.6 L (≈98 cu in) DOHC I4 - North America, Venezuela, Australia, China, India

Concept vehicles

  • Aveo Xtreme: Introduced at Auto Shanghai 2005, the Aveo Xtreme featured custom fenders, spoilers and rocker panels, lowered suspension, and a bold green paint scheme. While essentially a styling exercise targeted at young Tuners,[5] the Xtreme included a Pioneer AVHP 6500 AM/FM stereo with CD, DVD and MP3 playback, along with XM Satellite Radio, 7-inch touch screen and a integrated PlayStation 2 game system.[7]
  • Chevrolet Beat, Groove, and Trax: Originally showcased at the 2007 New York International Auto Show[8][9] these three concept vehicles each highlighted a different direction the Kalos platform might develop. At the 2007 Los Angeles Auto Show, General Motors announced the Beat will go into production for the world market, although not immediately in the United States.[10]
  • Aveo, Iron Man Edition: Appearing at the 2007 Auto Shanghai, a radically restyled five-door Chevrolet Aveo was on display at General Motors’ stand. The concept was nameless and featured orange paint, black front and rear cladding and a prominent black stripe from front to back. Windingroad.com's Art Director Nate Luzod labeled this Chevrolet the “Aveo Iron Man Edition”.[11][12][13]

Second generation (T250)

T250
T250 Chevrolet Aveo sedan (Thailand)
Also calledChevrolet Aveo
Chevrolet Lova
Daewoo Gentra X
Holden Barina (TK)
Pontiac G3
Pontiac Wave
Pontiac G3 Wave
Suzuki Swift+
Production2006-present
AssemblyBupyong, South Korea
Warsaw, Poland
Zaporizhia, Ukraine
Bogota, Colombia
Shanghai, China
San Luis Potosí, Mexico (San Luis Potosí Assembly)
PlatformT250
Engine(s)1.2 L (≈73 cu in), 1.4 L (≈85 cu in), 1.5 L (≈92 cu in), 1.6 L (≈98 cu in) I4
Wheelbase2480 mm (97.6 in)
LengthSedan: 4310 mm (169.7 in)
Hatchback: 155.0 in (3937 mm)
G3 Wave Hatchback: 154.3 in (3919 mm)
Swift+: 155.1 in (3940 mm)
WidthSedan: 1710 mm (67.3 in)
Hatchback: 66.1 in (1679 mm)
Swift+: 65.7 in (1669 mm)
HeightSedan: 1495 mm (58.9 in)
Hatchback: 59.3 in (1506 mm)
Fuel capacity45 L (11.9 US gal; 9.9 imp gal)

GM introduced a revised sedan at Auto Shanghai 2005, designed in cooperation with PATAC. Bearing the internal code T250 and sold in South Korea as Daewoo Gentra, the revision comprised primarily interior and exterior styling changes, a new interior IP (instrument panel) and minor equipment changes, including increased sound deadening.[10] Incorporation of the radio antenna into the rear glass and extensive wind tunnel testing helped reduce the coefficient of drag from 0.348 to 0.326.[10]

A restyled hatchback with the sedan's updated IP (instrument panel) was presented as the Chevrolet Aveo during the Frankfurt Motor Show 2007, to be marketed in Europe and North America. The Korean market received its own distinct restyle of the hatchback, the Gentra X.

Later iterations, including the Kalos, Aveo, Barina and Gentra sedans, the Gentra X hatchback and the 2007 "Frankfurt Show" hatchbacks were styled in-house and with the assistance of PATAC -- and depart notably from the original Giugiaro exterior and interior styling designs.

With launching Gentra X in South Korea, GMDAT had replaced engines of T250. 1.2 L S-TEC II engine had updated with features such as double overhead camshaft (DOHC) and timing chain (older version has timing chain) system. 1.6 L E-TEC II engine had replaced with ECOTEC (GEN-III) engine with new features such as variable valve timing mechanism.

Safety

The American Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) gave the Aveo an Acceptable overall rating in the frontal offset crash test[14] and overall Marginal rating in the side impact crash test.[15]

The T250 model has been tested by the European New Car Assessment Program (Euro NCAP)[16]:

  • Adult Occupant: 2/5 starsStar full.svgStar empty.svgStar empty.svgStar empty.svg, score 3, with a struck out star due to (EuroNCAP words) "an unacceptably high risk of life-threatening injury".
  • Child Occupant: 4/5 starsStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar empty.svg, score 39
  • Pedestrian: 3/4 starsStar full.svgStar full.svgStar empty.svg, score 19

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's (www.safercar.gov) ratings:

  • Passenger: 5/5 starsStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svg
  • Driver: 5/5 starsStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svg
  • Side Impact Front: 4/5 starsStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar empty.svg
  • Side Impact Rear: 4/5 starsStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar empty.svg
  • Rollover Rating: 4/5 starsStar full.svgStar full.svgStar full.svgStar empty.svg

US Aveo safety features include available four-channel, four-sensor ABS system with electronic brake force distribution (EBD), and front (dual-stage) and side air bags for front row occupants with a passenger-sensing system. Beginning with 2008, Aveo standard equipment includes a tire pressure monitoring system.

Next Generation

Edmunds reported the next-generation Aveo is due in mid-to-late 2010 as 2011 model. The car would use the Gamma 2 global subcompact platform, which would also power next-generation Opel Corsa and Chevrolet Beat.[17] It is believed[who?] that the new model is the same as the Viva project, a premium subcompact car to be released in 2009 for the South American markets and face models such as the Citroën C3, Fiat Punto, Honda City and Toyota Yaris.[18]

Awards

  • 'Best Car for the Bucks' from forbes.com[19]
  • 'Inter-American Car of the Year,' Inter-American Federation of Automotive Journalists[19]
  • 'Most Well-Received Small Car,' News Express and Sino Trust[19]
  • 'Most Influential Car of the Year,' China Mainstream Media Association[19]
  • ‘Car of the Year-2006,' Business Standard Motoring[19]
  • NDTV Profit Car India Awards 2007,Small Car of the Year, Chevrolet Aveo U-VA, NDTV Profit, India's leading business news channel, in association with Car India and Bike India.
  • The Aveo sedans and Aveo5 placed 12th and 8th respectively in Consumer Reports 2007 Least satisfying Cars, with 44% of owners expressing inclined to buy again.[20]
  • The Kalos won, twice consecutively (2003 and 2004), the Korea Design Power Index (KDPI) conducted by the Korean Management Association (KMA) and deriving from interviews and an internet polling of 20,000 consumers in Korea's six largest cities.

Global marketing and manufacture

South Korea

The T200 was sold as Daewoo Kalos; the hatchback named 'Kalos V' and the sedan 'Kalos S.' Daewoo began selling the T250 sedan in September 2005 as the Daewoo Gentra, replacing Kalos S. "Gentra" is derived from the English word "gentleman" and "transport(ation)".The tagline in the advertising campaign introducing the Gentra in Korea was "Are you gentle?", and the campaign starred Daniel Henny. In October 2007, the Kalos hatchback adopted the T250 underpinnings and was renamed Gentra X.

North America

T200 Chevrolet Aveo sedan (US)
T200 Chevrolet Aveo LS hatchback (US, 2004-2006)

The T200 models were introduced to the US and Canada 2004 models at the 2003 (February) Chicago Auto Show as the Chevrolet Aveo. The US 5-door and 4-door models went on sale in November 2003,[21] and as reported by the Boston Globe in November 2006, "the Aveo (was) the largest-selling subcompact in the United States".[22]

The T250 sedan debuted in January 2006 as the 2007 Chevrolet Aveo at the Greater Los Angeles Auto Show. Sales commenced in North America in August 2006.

The Aveo 5-door hatchback has been marketed as the "Aveo5" in Canada since its inception and in the US beginning with model year 2007. The models are sold as Pontiac Wave (4-door and 5-door, since the 2005 model year) and Suzuki Swift+ (5-door) in Canada. The T200 Wave sedan was replaced for the 2007 model year with the T250, coinciding with the release of the 2007 T250 Aveo. For the 2009 model year, Pontiac Wave was renamed to Pontiac G3 Wave in Canada. In the United States, Pontiac will sell the 5-door hatchback as the Pontiac G3 starting in the spring of 2009.[23]

  • T200 Pontiac Wave hatchback (Canada)

  • T200 Suzuki Swift+ (Canada, 2008)

US model year changes

2005: Sidemarker lights change from orange to clear.

2006: Rear Spoiler changes from "hugger" style to pedestal style spoiler with several inches of clearance from body.

2007: Sedans were redesigned. Deleted: 4-door SVM equipment group, Aveo5 LT model. New Features: 6-disc in-dash CD player and MP3 playback audio system, restyled 4-Door Model, new neutral interior in clot and leatherette, steering wheel mounted audio controls, aux input jacks on all 4-door and LS radios, sedan instrument panel and door accents in wood appearance, metallic grain appearance or silver appearance trim on LS and LT models, manual lumbar adjuster on driver seat, driver seat armrest, back glass antenna on 4-door models. Changes: power outside mirrors now on both driver and passenger, Aveo 5-Door models are called Aveo5. Available Spring Edition in Maui Blue (metallic), with alloy wheels, power windows, power moonroof, upgraded stereo with auxiliary input, keyless remote access, power door locks, foglamps and interior silver accents.

  • T250 Chevrolet Aveo LS sedan (US)

  • T250 2007-2008 Pontiac Wave sedan (Canada)

2009: Hatchbacks were redesigned. T250 2008.5 Aveo and sedan, Deleted: 15" 5-spoke aluminum wheels, E-TEC II 1.6L engine, Carbon fiber appearance accents. New: new exterior and interior design, Charcoal Perforated Leatherette seating surfaces, OnStar and standard on all models, available XM Satellite Radio, available Leather-wrapped steering wheel wand shift knob are now included with perforated leatherette seating surface option, Driver Information Center with outside temperature display and fuel economy/driving range function, new 15" 5-spoke aluminum wheels, GM Oil Life Monitoring System , ECOTEC 1.6L DOHC 16-valve 4-cylinder MFI engine with Variable Valve Timing and Dual Continuous Variable Cam Phasing (107 hp @ 6400 rpm, 106 ft·lbf (144 N·m) of torque @ 3800 rpm), 5-speed manual transmission to include shift indicator light. Changes: New good-better-best packaging strategy labeled as 1LS, 1LT and 2LT. Power Package called Power and Convenience Package, aux input included on all radios, front wipers variable intermittent, front doors, driver and front passenger seatback map pockets on all models, Alternator 95 amps. Deletions, Additions and Changes per GM's public online order guide.

  • T250 Chevrolet Aveo5 (US, 2009)

  • T250 Pontiac G3 Wave hatchback Olympic Edition (Canada, 2009)

Fuel economy

1.6 L E-TEC II engine used in the 2004-2008 models were criticized for being "un fuel efficient" for an economy car. It delivered the least horsepower (103hp) from the sub-compact group and the worst fuel economy. Ratings were 32/48MPG(8.9/5.9L/100km) for city/highway while compared to its major competitors that delivered better horsepower and fuel economy like the Toyota Yaris with 106hp 40/51MPG (7.0/5.5L/100km), Hyundai Accent/ Kia Rio with 110hp at 38/46MPG (7.4/ 6.2L/ 100km),Nissan Versa with 122hp with 36/45MPG (7.9/ 6.3L/ 100km), and Honda fit with 109hp 40/50MPG (7.1/5.7L/100km).

The 2009 107hp ECOTEC VVT engine improves fuel economy numbers making it more competitive for the market at 36/50 MPG (7.9/ 5.7L/ 100km)

-fuel economy numbers are based on Canadian Energuide ratings

US stop delivery order

In February 2004 GM issued a "stop delivery" order, to investigate five accidents that occurred in a tight time frame just as the Aveo was introduced to the US market. The order was lifted shortly thereafter, after an investigation revealed no connection among the accidents.[24]

US marketing

The Aveo was introduced for its market debut in a 60 second television advertisement[1] that first appeared on New Year's Eve 2003, created by the firm of Campbell-Ewald, directed by Michael Bay [25] and featuring the song Magic Carpet Ride by Steppenwolf. The advertisement was titled "An American Revolution, Car Carrier" and featured six yet to be introduced cars and trucks boarding a car carrier as it traversed the United States. It featured the Aveo descending the Twin Peaks of San Francisco and making an airborne leap highly reminiscent of Steve McQueen's Ford Mustang in the movie Bullitt, before boarding the car carrier.

Two other fifteen second TV ads also created by the firm of Campbell-Ewald [25], spotlighted the Aveo: "Pachyderm" showing an elephant, chased down a city street by an Aveo and "Big Little," in which four basketball players who enter the car appear tiny in big seats, highlighting the vehicle's interior volume.

Mexico

In Mexico, the T200 is not sold, but the T250 sedan is sold as Pontiac G3 and Chevrolet Aveo. The Automotive News reported in October 2007 that GM would begin producing the Aveo model at the new San Luis Potosí Assembly plant in Mexico (400 km/250 mi northwest of México City) when the plant is complete in June 2009.[26] Production of the Aveo commenced in August 2008.[27]

Central and South America

The T200 is sold as Chevrolet Aveo in Ecuador (3-door), Peru (3-door and 5-door), Venezuela, Colombia and Chile (all body styles). The T250 is sold as Chevrolet Aveo in Peru (4-door). A taxi version of the T200 sedan is available in Ecuador.

Western Europe

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T250 Chevrolet Aveo 3-door

Until the end of 2004, the T200 was sold as Daewoo Kalos. In early 2005, the Chevrolet brand replaced the Daewoo brand and the Kalos was rebadged the Chevrolet Kalos, coinciding with the introduction of the 3-door. The new T250 sedan is marketed as the Chevrolet Aveo, replacing the Kalos sedan in 2006. A revised hatchback was introduced in the 2007 Frankfurt Motor Show, to go on sale in early 2008 as the Aveo -- replacing the Kalos.

Central and Eastern Europe

The T200 was sold as Chevrolet Aveo from its introduction in 2003. The T250 has replaced the T200 sedan in 2006, retaining the same name. Versions sold in this region had 1.4 L engines, and were available as both five-door hatchback and four-door sedan.

It was announced in November 2007 that FSO in Warsaw, Poland, would begin assembling the Aveo under a joint venture between GM and FSO's owner, the Ukrainian company UkrAVTO. GM plans to produce 70,000 Aveos at FSO during 2008, with production rising to 100,000 in 2009. [28]

Australia and New Zealand

T200 Holden Barina, New Zealand

The T200 model was available as the Daewoo Kalos before Daewoo's Australian operations ceased at the end of 2004 and was absent from the Australian market until re-introduced in December 2005 as the TK Holden Barina (3-door and 5-door). The TK Barina replaced the previous XC Barina, which was an imported and rebadged European Opel Corsa. The T250 sedan was introduced in February 2006, and both the T200 and T250 models are sold together as the Barina lineup. The switch from the Opel-sourced Corsa was criticized, given the Kalos' lower ANCAP safety performance. The T250 hatchback, both 3-door and 5-door, was introduced in August 2008.

Other markets

Indonesia: The T200 is sold as Chevrolet Aveo in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines, as well as South Africa and China (5-door and 4-door).

China The T250 sedan is sold as Chevrolet Lova in China.

India The T250 was launched in India in 2006 as Chevrolet Aveo along with the slogan "An Indian Revolution", referencing Chevrolet's An American Revolution ad campaign. The T200 hatchback has been sold in India since December 2006 as the Chevrolet Aveo U-VA. A taxi called Chevytaxi is based on the T200 sedan.

Assembly plants

Most Kalos/Aveos are assembled in the Bupyong plant in South Korea. In Ukraine, Russia and Venezuela, local versions of the Aveo are assembled from complete knock down kits. For the Chinese market, Aveos and Lovas are manufactured by Shanghai GM Dongyue. In India, Aveos are assembled from Halol Plant. Also in Egypt GM assembly plant started in August 2007 producing the Aveo locally in three variants.

Beginning in August 2008, Chevrolet Aveos are also produced at the new General Motors San Luis Potosí plant located in Mexico.[27]

References

  1. ↑ "2008 Chevrolet Aveo sedan & Aveo5". General Motors. 2007-08-01. http://media.gm.com/us/chevrolet/en/product_services/r_cars/r_c_aveo/index.html. Retrieved on 2008-01-25. 
  2. ↑ "Chevrolet Aveo". Automobile Magazine. http://www.automobilemag.com/reviews/wagons/0403_chevrolet_aveo/index.html. 
  3. ↑ "Daewoo Kalos". Dennis Publishing. July 2002. http://www.autoexpress.co.uk/carreviews/firstdrives/27945/daewoo_kalos.html. Retrieved on 2008-01-25. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 AlKhalisi, Farah. "Road Test: Daewoo Kalos (2002-2005)". Channel 4. http://www.channel4.com/4car/road-tests/D/daewoo/kalos02-/kalos02--intro.html?noforward=true. Retrieved on 2008-01-25.  Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "www.channel4.com" defined multiple times with different content
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 "The New Daewoo Kalos: Striking Design And Space Efficient". http://www.carpages.co.uk/chevrolet/daewoo_the_new_kalos_17_09_02.asp.  Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "www.carpages.co.uk" defined multiple times with different content
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 "Market and model -- Good Prospects for the Kalos in a Growing Segment". http://media.gm.com/kr/daewoo/en/news/2002/090002_kalos_long.html.  Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "media.gm.com" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "media.gm.com" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "media.gm.com" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "media.gm.com" defined multiple times with different content
  7. ↑ "Chevrolet Aveo Xtreme Concept is a Head-turner". http://media.gm.com/events/sema/sema03gm/chevrolet/Chevy_Aveo%20Xtreme.html. 
  8. ↑ "Size Does not Matter: Three Chevrolet Global Minicar Concepts Pack A Lot Of Personality And Style Per Mile". http://media.gm.com/servlet/GatewayServlet?target=http://image.emerald.gm.com/gmnews/viewmonthlyreleasedetail.do?domain=74&docid=34966. 
  9. ↑ "Chevy debuts the Beat, Groove and Trax mini car concepts". http://www.autoblog.com/2007/04/04/new-york-auto-show-chevy-debuts-the-beat-groove-and-trax-conce/. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 "Chevrolet Beat goes into production". http://www.topspeed.com/cars/car-news/-chevrolet-beat-goes-into-production-ar47343.html.  Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "www.topspeed.com" defined multiple times with different content
  11. ↑ "Shanghai Auto Show: Chevrolet Aveo “Iron Man Edition”". www.Windingroad.com. http://news.windingroad.com/aftermarket/shanghai-auto-show-chevrolet-aveo-iron-man-edition/. 
  12. ↑ "Chevrolet Aveo in Shanghai, What's in the Name!". www.Automotto.org. http://www.automotto.org/entry/chevrolet-aveo-in-shanghai-whats-in-the-name/. 
  13. ↑ "Beijing Bowtie: Tricked out Aveo at China Show". www.Jalopnik.com. http://jalopnik.com/cars/concept-cars/beijing-bowtie-tricked-out-aveo-at-china-show-216372.php. 
  14. ↑ http://www.iihs.org/ratings/rating.aspx?id=742
  15. ↑ http://www.iihs.org/ratings/rating.aspx?id=711
  16. ↑ EuroNCAP crash test results for the 2006 Chevrolet Aveo
  17. ↑ IL Insider: Pontiac Says No G3 for the States - Yet
  18. ↑ El próximo Chevrolet: Lova está, ¿Viva asoma? - Argentina Auto Blog (in Spanish)
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 "Market and model -- Chevy gets better — Aveo U-VA". http://wheelspeak.indiaautomobile.com/?p=7. 
  20. ↑ "12 Least Satisfying Cars". http://consumerist.com/consumer/cars/12-least-satisfying-cars-of-2007-329476.php. 
  21. ↑ "Move over gas guzzlers, small cars are coming". http://www.usatoday.com/money/autos/2006-01-08-detroit-usat_x.htm. 
  22. ↑ "Market for subcompact cars grows as styling, features, safety improve". The Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/cars/news/articles/2006/11/19/market_for_subcompact_cars_grows_as_styling_features_safety_improve/. 
  23. ↑ Unveiled: 2009 Pontiac G3
  24. ↑ "GM Investigates New Aveo Crashes". http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2004/02/19/181273.html. 
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 "Critique: An American Evolution". http://www.adweek.com/aw/search/search_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=2061066.  Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "adweek.com" defined multiple times with different content
  26. ↑ "GM to produce Aveo at new Mexican plant, Stephen Downer, Automotive News". http://www.thegmsource.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=1287. 
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 "Mexico: GM builds first Chevrolet Aveo at new San Luis Potosi plant, Glenn Brooks, Automotive World". http://www.automotiveworld.com/WAM/content.asp?contentid=70156. 
  28. ↑ "In EU first, GM launches Chevrolet production in Poland". http://rawstory.com/news/afp/In_EU_first_GM_launches_Chevrolet_p_11062007.html. 

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